Morbus Anglicus OR THE ANATOMY OF CONSUMPTIONS CONTAINING The Nature Causes Subject Progress Change Signs Prognostics Preservatives and several Methods of Curing all Consumptions Coughs and Spitting of Blood With Remarkable Observations touching the same DISEASES To which are Added Some brief Discourses of Melancholy Madness and Distraction occasioned by Love Together with certain new remarks touching the Scurvy and Ulcers of the Lungs The like never before published By GIDEON HARVEY M. D. London Printed for Nathaniel Brook at the Angel in Cornhill 1666. ADVERTISEMENT TO THE READER Jest my Reader 's Fancy should be distempered with that common brain-disease of jealousy in calling to account the design of the Author or the contents and Phrase of his discourse I shall do him a kindness and myself right in praeinforming his judgement to anticipate those too frequent injust censure both of the one and the other I mean of Author and treatise What concerns the design it 's universally known that many writ out of an itching or affectation of seeing their names in Print others out of an interest or expectation of Praise preferment or profit and but few out of a single and ingenuous intent to benefit the public and promote Learning That vain scope of the first rank is manifestly apparent in the texture of what they expose to view being tracts Translated or Compiled out of several Collections which at the best deserve no other denomination than patched or botched pieces Neither can they easily palliate their sordid drift that disperse Books for their profit which contain little else than a rude and imperfect description of what the Title promises taking only an occasion thence to inform their Reader with one half and to prompt 'em to repair to the Author to buy the other half this we see is the ordinary design of many of those Physic Authors that have of late years thronged into the stage But being conscious of the sincerity of my own thoughts in that particular I am very apt believe there 's no ingenious person but will upon the least survey of these Medical remarks construe them designed for public advantage or else should sooner devote'em to the flame than his lecture And to render this Discourse more universal and accommodated to the meaner capacities I was desired to explain every hard word and term of Art whereto I readily yielded by joining another vulgar word to it in Italique Letters included in a Parenthesis which method is only observed in the former part where the Reader must acquaint himself with the said terms and obsoure words to understand the latter To those of a more polished intellect that pains will seem needless and the explications nauseous However they may without regret pass it by since in the bulk of the work I have chief endeavoured to gratify them with matters of greater importance and have omitted such insertions which generally in other tracts are far more displeasing In the first place whatever any of the whole Catalogue of Authors Ancient or Modern have writ concerning Consumptions they will find it plainly digested in a third part only of this Treatise the remainder I have filled up with very remarkable observations both Theoretic and Practical which I had abstracted from the Diseases of many hundreds in several parts of Europe Moreover I imagine I have detected several errors many have and do still harbour touching the nature and Causes of a Consumption which I have likewise dissected into all its possible kinds or Species I have been very frank in giving you my own Sentiment of the essence and the various causes of the Disease and thereunto added the solution of several very necessary queries and at last set down the most approved methods for preservation and cure used in Italy Germany and France by the most famous of Hermetical and Dogmatical Physicians Besides this general dissertation I have made particular reflections throughout the whole on that sort of Consumption that 's so Endemick to this City and strictly inquired into those external causes viz. diet motion air etc. which latter I find to act the greatest part in this Morbifique aggression as myself can particularly witness for having passed but a few months within the Walls I soon apprehended an oppression on my Lungs which then for my health's sake gave me occasion to make search for the best air about Town which after a serious consult with my thoughts I concluded to be in Hatton-Garden whither I immediately transported myself and do find it the purest and most serene Air that 's about the City This by the way to give you an instance of the benefit redounding from the change of air though but to a small distance Moreover touching the contents of this following Tract you 'll meet with some no vulgar observations on women's Diseases which since plainly delineated may bring my modesty into question among such as are unacquainted with discourses that nature To these I have nothing more to say than that I move within my own Sphere and have rendered myself in expressions familiar to Physicians But one point more I must prevent your probable censure in that having declared the evils of a Spermatick Plethory my drift is not to exhort any to incontinency that monster of vice but to prevent the danger of it by a spare Diet Devout Lise or for the lust and desperate remedy by Marriage THE ANATOMY OF CONSUMPTIONS The Proem COntingent accidental Death seems to be the sole adequate justly fitting object of popular Courage but a necessary and unavoidable coffin strikes paleness into the stoutest heart and beyond all other swifter terribles the lazy but sure paces of a Consumption which we observe oft willingly inclines those to embrace vain pity whose resolution Fire nor Sword can relax This so mortal an Enemy to humane life doth the more earnestly implore succour from Charitable Physicians the ambition to which Character hath wrested these Medical Physical pages leaves from our lucubrations night Studies CHAP. I. Of the Original Contagion and frequency of Consumptions IT 's a great chance we find to arrive to ones grave in this English Climate without a smack of a Consumption Death's direct door to most English hard Students Divines Physicians Philosophers deep Lovers Zelots' in Religion etc. London's Weekly Bills number deep in Consumptions the same likewise proving inseparable accidents attendants to most of the other Diseases which instances do evidently bring a Consumption under the notion of a Pandemick or Endemick or rather a Vernacular Disease a disease always reigning in a Country to England that is a common disease owing its rise to some common external and perennal lasting all the year cause of a Country as a Consumptive Air or a Consumptive Diet viz. eating much Flesh drinking Hoped drink etc. And beyond this denomination the disease may not improperly be styled Epidemic popular that is surprising many at a certain season of the year as we may observe Consumptions to be most raging about the Spring and Fall according to the dictate of the Divine old man Hypocrates Malum ver tabidis itemque autumnus that is the Spring is bad for Consumptives and so is the Fall And considering withal its malignity and catching nature it may be connumerated numbered with the worst of epidemics popular diseases since next to the Plague Pox and Leprosy it yields to none in point of Contagion catching for it 's no rare observation here in England to see a fresh coloured lusty young man yoked to a Consumptive Female Wife and him soon after attending her to the Grave Moreover nothing we find taints sound Lungs sooner than inspiring drawing in the breath of putrid stinking and beginning to rot ulcered or consumptive Lungs many having fallen into Consumptions only by smelling the breath or spittle of Consumptives others by drinking after them and what is more by wearing the  of Consumptives though two years after they were left off The disease descending frequently from Consumptive Parents to their Children speaks it Hereditary gotten as it were by inheritance from ones Parents insomuch that whole Families sourcing descended from tabefyed consumed and dried away progenitors ancestors have all made their Exits died through Consumptions and in that order and Sympathy of consanguinity near Relation that I have heard of six Brothers Parisians Inhabitants of Paris all expired of Consumptions exactly six months one after another Besides I have known several Father and Son Mother and Daughter tabefyed consumed within Twelve months one of the other Most contagious Maladies catching diseases have their Original recorded the Leprosy in the primitive generation of the Jews the Pox in the year 1494. the Scurvy in 1495 but the Consumption o'retops them all in antiquity that questionless being the primitive disease before all others which in all probability put a period end to our Protoplasts first form Adam and Eve's days for they being disseised turned out of their most happy seat Paradise and so far discarded cast out out of God's favour could not but fall into a most dismal sad and melancholic drooping for the loss of their happiness the occasional cause and forerunner of a Marcour or drying and withering of their flesh and radical moisture the deep oily moisture of the parts or otherwise they might have Spun the thread of their lives much longer their principles of life being created in them to extend to an Eval duration lasting without end CHAP. II. Of the various acceptions of Consumptions THe common chink through which errors and erroneous opinions do and have slipped into the Scholastic republic to the endangering and enfoncing drowning of truth is the too frequent misapprehension of the name of a thing which being understood in one sense by me and in another by you must necessarily occasion us to discrepate disagree in the thing itself and this certainly is the great cause of so many controversies and disputes between the Learned and such others as are equally balanced in right reason now were not the misconception of the name various between them being considered really rational they could not but agree in the thing itself or otherwise they could not be estimated both rational When myself was a Student in the Universities and oft being desired to oppose ex tempore did no more than wilfully misapprehend the names of things contained in the question and upon those false nominal mis-consceptions could with the greatest ease imaginable perform that task as long as I pleased and so may you or any man else Being now conscious of the great errors and dangers that may result out of a mis-conception of the names of things shall so much the more apply my endeavours to a distinct explanation explaining of the names of my Subject which usually are variously understood Physicians in their Physical discourses make use of several names which are all translated into this one word of a Consumption as if they bore no different significations such are Phthisis Phthoe Pie Tabes Morbus tabificus Marcor Marasmus a Marcid Fever an Hectic Fever and an Atrophia The first denomination to wit Phthisis an Athenian word is generally taken for any kind of an universal diminution lessening and colliquation melting of the body which acception its Etymology derivation to consume implies but some are of opinion the word aught to be written with an v deriving it from to spit Hypocrates 7. Aph. 16. by Phthisis Consumption intends only such a diminution or shrinking of the Body as follows incurable Ulcers of the Lungs that are accompanied with a small Fever Cornelius Celsus applied the word Phthisis to these three Diseases 1. to an Atrophia and in that signification did Aristotle also take it when he wrote in 28. Probl. 1. that Dionysius died of a Phthisis 2. To an Ulcer of the Lungs 3. To a Cachexia or ill habit of body but the Greek Physicians were wont to call any one i. e. Phthisicus who was either grown lean only or who was taken with a proper Phthisis and consumed away or who was naturally inclined to a proper Phthisis namely by having a long Neck a narrow Chest or Breast Shoulders sticking out like wings whence they named such a one that is winged a weak Brain apt to send down Rheums or Catarrhs and weak Lungs that are disposed to receive Rheums and humours from the Brain Lastly Phthisis is properly and strictly taken according to Hipp. for a Consumption of the Body following an incurable Ulcer of the Lungs and attended with an Hectic Fever Phthoe is likewise an Athenian word importing a proper Consumption occasioned by an Ulcer of the Lungs but Galen 5. Met. 15. by Phthoe intends the spitting of blood Pie is by Aretaeus lib. 1. de cause & sign diut used for a proper Consumption Tabes is the Latin word responding answering to Phthisis and implies the same proper and improper significations Hypocrates makes mention of six sorts of Tabes or proper Consumptions viz. first libr. 2. de Morb. he affirms that the body oft wastes by reason of a thick Phlegm being retained within the Lungs and there putrefying according to which sense he writes that a Distillation in the Lungs is suppurated turned to matter in twenty days 7. Aph. 38. The second he terms a Consumption of the Kidneys Thirdly the word Tabes is oft understood by him for a Consumption of the Lungs without being ulcerated and depending upon a hot and dry Distemper of the Lungs or an Hectic Fever Fourthly by Tabes he doth also conceive a Consumption of the Lungs with an Ulcer and Hectic Fever Fifthly lib. 2. de Morb. he inserts another kind of Tabes which he calls a Tabes Dorsalis or Consumption of the back Sixthly 3. Aph. 10. & 13. he proposes two kinds of Tabes or Consumptions the one being a wasting of the body occasioned by any internal cause the other happening through some Ulcer in the Lungs Morbus tabisicus is a term expressed by Hypocrates denoting any kind of Extenuation or Consumption Marcor five ex aegritudine Senectus seu ex Morbo Senium is an extreme diminution or Consumption of the body following the extinction quenching of the Innate born and bred in us heat much like to a tree that 's withered or dried away by excess of heat or length of time The said Marcour may likewise be caused by Famine or over abstinence from food Read Galen lib. the Marcore A Marasmus imports three significations viz. 1. A Consumption following a Fever 2. A Consumption or withering of the body by reason of a natural extinction of the native heat which commonly happens in those that die of old Age. 3. An extenuation of the body caused through an immoderate heat and dryness of the parts which sort is common to young and old folks A Marasmus is otherwise distinguished into true and false The former is an equal diminution of all the parts of the body the latter is an extenuation shrinking of a single part only as the Stomach and Liver are oft observed to be consumed or withered in those that die of an Hectic Fever the like extenuation doth frequently happen to the breast Mesentery a thick Skin of the Belly that ties the Guts Colon jejunum both names of Guts and Kidnesy but the Diaphragma the Midriff being a thick Musculous Skin that separates the breast from the Belly is only exempted from a Marasmus or withering because that would necessarily intercept the breath or occasion a Frenzy before it could arrive to such a dryness Lastly a Marcour is either imperfect tending to a greater withering which is curable or perfect that is an entire wasting of the body excluding all means of Cure Febris Marasmodes seu febris marcida according to Galen lib. the Marcore cap. 5. is an equal withering or drying up of all the parts of the body it 's ordinarily a consequent of a burning colliquative melting Fever whereby the humours grease fat and flesh of the body are melted and afterwards slow into the capacity hollow of the Belly The softer and moister parts being thus melted away the Febril Feverish heat continuing its adustion burning upon the drier fleshy parts changes into a Marcid Fever which said parts wasting gradually through an insensible evaporation of their subtler particles are at length dried up into the hardness and toughness of Leather An Hectic Fever implies a twofold sense 1. It 's taken for any confirmed fixed and durable Fever admitting of no easy cure or rather a Fever that 's grown habitual in opposition to a Schetical superficial or movable Fever which being but lately arrived is easily expelled as a Diary or Putrid Fever 2. It 's more generally understood for a Fever in the solid parts into whose Penetrails depth and essential principles insinuating is there as it were planted or rooted and consequently proves the most stubborn to Cure of all other Diseases What is meant by the solid parts and the Essential principles you may know in the next Chapter An Atrophy is by some taken for a diminution of the body for want of good and laudable nutriment food which being rejected by the parts must necessarily shrink for want of better nutriture By others it 's understood for a Consumption of the parts of the body weakly or depravately wrongly or not at all attracting nutriment whether it be good or bad or insufficient in quantity Lastly it implies a diminution of the body happening by reason of some fault in the Excretive expelling faculty of the parts excerning or evacuating more than necessary Peruse Galen the Sympt differ cap. 4. The said Consumption may also be supposed to arrive through fault of the Retentive retaining faculty of the parts not retaining the nutritive nourishing humour's long enough Thus much for differencing those terms which otherwise might erroneously be taken for one and the same kind of Consumption CHAP. III. Of the Fundamental Principles or Balsamic Mixture BEfore we make a further inroad into this Treatise it will be material to acquaint my Reader with the sense of these terms which we have familiarly made use of throughout this discourse namely Fundamental or Essential Principles Essential or Balsamic mixture Innate heat and Radical or Balsamic moisture all these though differing in words import the same signification as we shall now discover to you In order to this you are to take notice that an Infant in the Womb principally receives its first constitution or generation from the Sperm or Seed of its Father injected cast into into the Womb of its Mother which to wit the Womb contributes little else to it than the earth to the Seed that 's shed or sown in her namely keeps the Seed close together that the Spirits may not evaporate fly out in vapours cherishes it by her own Innate rooted and fixed and Influent sent from the heart heat and spirits thereby stirring strengthening and assisting the spirits of the Seed in the Womb in forming the parts of the Infant intended and lastly transmits' blood to the Seed to give the parts so form an increase The Seed consisting of a glutinous glewy or Balsamic thick and cleaving like to a Balsam moisture and a turgency fullness of Spirits displays itself being now thus enclosed and stirred in the Womb into several parts of various different figures and shapes as into a Heart Brain Liver Spleen Arms Legs etc. These parts being of a very small proportion as form out of a small quantity of Seed are no more than Foundation Piles of the ensuing body which are afterwards to be increased and raised to a greater bulk by the affluent flowing to blood that 's transmitted sent down out of the Mother's body through proper Veins and Arteries into the Womb where it 's glued fast to those said foundation rather fundamental parts and soon after assimilated or converted into flesh and other similar substances whereby I say every part grows bigger The Ihfant being thus arrived to a competent Mole bigness makes its sally out of the Womb that 's now grown too little to give it any longer harbour and having thus passed the straits it 's tossed into the wide world where it has got room enough to grow into its full dimension measure which is performed by the daily ingestion swallowing down of milk and other food that 's in a short time after digested into blood which being diffused spread abroad through the Arteries and Veins to all the parts of the body is as we instanced before agglutinated glued to those upper parts that were immediately agglutinated to the foundation parts in the Womb and thus you see the Infant grows bigger out of the Womb by agglutinating one affllux of blood to another Upon this premitted illustration it 's no hard task to express to you the meaning of Fundamental or Essential Principles which imply nothing else than the forementioned Foundation parts So likewise the Essential or Balsamic mixture denotes nothing but the Sperm or Seed whereof the fundamental parts consist and it 's called Balsamic mixture because it 's a glewy spumous matter mixed with a great quantity of Plastic spirits or spirits of the Sperm that form the shape of the parts in the Womb into the consistence of a Balsam and may not improperly be named Essential from its constituting the essence of the parts The said Plastic spirits are concomitated attended with a powerful heat which is therefore denominated named the Innate heat or heat born in us because it 's rooted and fixed in the fundamental parts and is inseparable from them during life The Balsamic moisture expresses the glewy spumous matter of the Sperm which is termed Radical or the root moisture because it 's the root and foundation of all the parts of the body Finding you thus conducted through a smooth way we 'll instantly open a door to give you passage to a more abstruse hidden but pleasant speculation viz. the manner of a proper and improper Consumption together with the reason of the incurability of the former and facile easy cure of the other The Sanguine parts that are superstructed built upon the said Spermatick seedy or rather Fundamental parts out of the continual afflux flowing to of blood to them may per-chance be wasted or diminish one day for want of materials namely blood or by reason of some indisposition or fault in the blood the next day possibly those defects of the blood may be supplied by a copious plentiful afflux of good blood whereby the preceding diminished parts happen to re-increase Which ebbing and flowing of the parts may in no wise be censured a Consumption improper or proper But supposing the forementioned Consumption should prove so durable as to absorb dry up and extenuate diminish the said Sanguine parts to an extreme degree it 's evident that the Fundamental parts must necessarily come into danger which being once attaqued forcibly entered upon and considerably consumed the superstructure or the whole body that 's built upon the Fundamental parts must unavoidably fall and come to ruin which degree of Consumption we term a proper Consumption as obtaining its seat in the foundation of the body and admitting for the most part of no cure or at least a very difficult one We may appositely to our purpose compare this discourse of a proper and improper Consumption to a decaying house which though decaying or falling away by losing a roof or a wall comes in no great danger but if neglected the house gins to totter and continuates its rapture breach to the very foundation which once wasted or endamaged the house must necessarily fall and so the case stands with a superficial or improper and a fundamental or proper Consumption of the body So that as you 'll read in the next ensuing Chapter it 's not every over-fasting or overlabouring or Physicking that renders a man lean and extenuates his parts comes within the Sphere of a Consumption since such an impair is soon rectified again but as I inserted in the 4. Chapter it 's a durable and somewhat an habitual extenuation or wasting of the Sanguine or Fleshy parts that are not easily reduced to their pristine old constitution by reason of some habitual fault or disease of an Entrail moving directly to the Fundamental parts where it may effect a perfect Consumption CHAP. IU. Of the nature of a Consumption in general THe word Consumption being applicable to a proper and improper or true and Bastard Consumption requires from us a Generical general description quadrate fitting to both So that a Consumption in that respect is a counter-natural against nature Hectic deeply fixed latent hidden and equal diminution extenuation or rather a wasting of all the parts of the body notwithstanding the daily ingestion taking of food with appetite Whence appears that the diminution or wasting of one's flesh in Fevers is not to be termed a Consumption because that extenuation is acute and Schetical superficial that is violently quick not lasting and of no difficult cure whereas in a Consumption the diminution is slow durable fixed or habitual and yielding to no easy cure Neither can it be reputed a Consumption where the body is suddenly extenuated by fasting that being rather a disease of the mind refusing a timely supply of food to the body Moreover it 's requisite the extenuation wasting should be universal and not of some parts only as in a Dropsy where the upper alone do undergo a diminution and the lower an increase or swelling nor of a single part in which case it 's styled an Atrophy or withering of a part as an Atrophy of an Arm Leg Toe or Finger Lastly the diminution of parts must be latent hidden not caused by an overlabouring or want of sleep or by being over liberal in satisfying women's impertinences the causes whereof as they are externally obvious so they imply no Consumption though indeed there be a manifest shrinking of the flesh especially in the last instance viz. excess of Amours * venereal sport's lust which in many we may observe to cause the appearance of a perfect Consumptive or Hippocratical face as hollow Eyes a sharp Nose shrunk Visage etc. Insomuch that it 's impossible to distinguish them from the last degree of Consumptives but by their having a livid circle about their Eyes a peculiar sign of a goatish extenuation their Schetical sudden leanness and the absence of an Hectic Fever Many through their extenuation by a course of Physic do oft put a fallacy upon people's fancies that judge them Consumptive and particularly those that are Physic for a Clap whose specific particular disposition of body at that time is in a fortnight's Physicking to be reduced to an Hippocratean shrunk Consumptive Visage in such sort that their acquaintance do usually give them up for lost but herein their state is differenced from a proper Consumption that upon their entrance into a course of Physic they are apt in a very short time to lose their flesh so as to counterfeit Anatomies and afterwards upon the least intermission of their Medicines to impinguate grow fat to admiration besides their facile easy support of churlish Remedies which none but Pockifyed Patients could sustain with so small an impair of strength CHAP. V Of the nature of a Proper and True Consumption IN the preceding Chapter we have set down a description of a Consumption in general comprehending a Proper or True and Improper or False Consumption Our present purpose is to begin with the first and give you a brief but plain explanation thereof Wherefore note that Physicians when terming a Disease but in their sense it 's rather a Symptom a Consumption do for the most part intent a Proper Consumption which we do here describe To be an habitual or hectic confirmed or radicated slow extenuation against nature or rather a devouring of the Fleshy and Spermatick parts of the body through an immediate slow corruption of the Essential mixture viz. the Radical moisture and the Innate heat Whence you may deduct that ordinary extenuations of a Month or two more or less are not to be nominated Proper Consumptions which relating to the profound Balsamic mixture speak great danger of death difficulty of cure and implicitly a long space of time before any such offence against nature can be offered because of the deep latency hidden situation of the substantial principles Consumptive extenuations must be against nature to exclude natural ones occasioned through want of food required to fill up the vacuities empty spaces between the Pores of the parts that happen through their daily dissipation or dissolution but it 's rather an Absorbing sucking up or devouring of the parts by Corrupting their Fundamentals whereby every part doth not only shrink but grows sensibly less in its substance so as the parts as far as they are consumed can never be recovered or made greater by reason of the dissolution and corruption of their Fundamental mixture and the return of their substantial principles into their first elements unless it were possible to infuse new substantials into them which to imagine faisible portends a man to want a grain of his right Reason and certainly none but such as pretend to be mere Chemists would assert that Potable Gold aurum potabile or Gold Chemically reduced to a liquor or a thin oil thereby being rendered potable or sit to be dranck contains a virtue of recruiting or augmenting Nature's Essentials which if possible it 's requisite the said Potable Gold should be endued with a capacity of being agglutinated glued and assimilated converted into a likeness to the Innate heat and Radical moisture or at least be virtuated with a power of generating the said essentials out of the humours within the Vessels The former of these instanced ways is rejected because it 's impossible a mineral as Gold is that is inanimate dead and incapable of receiving life and of another genus kind should be converted into the highest and purest degree of an animate substance as the Spermatick essentials are for if minerals are not convertible into another Species though of the same Genus much less can they be surmised reducible into a Species of another Genus Certainly what can not be expected from animated plants yea Animals living moving Creatures which though belonging to the same Genus are only convertible into flesh and other dissipable parts but not into Spermatick ones it 's a vanity to look far in dead minerals Touching the vain effects of Aurum potabile you may read more at large in the second part of my Philosophy Book 1. Chap. 1. Par. 5. In summa unless it were imaginable to infuse the same animate living Sperm into the substance and penetrails depth of the parts it 's ridiculous to expect reparation from any other means which makes it apparent that it 's more easy to generate a new man than to repair one that 's partly consumed in his substantials This by the way but to return to the explanation of the forestated description Putrid Fevers depend upon the putrefaction or a tendance to Corruption of the blood whose immediate effect is the corruption of the said nutritive nourishing humours but mediately and swiftly if tending to death corrupting the essential principles of the parts where as in a Proper Consumption the corruption is immediate and slow Likewise other Diseases as Dropsies Jaundises Ptisicks etc. to arrive to the period of life must necessarily cause a corruption of the essentials though slow yet not immediately but mediately by corrupting the blood Not to be desicient in any thing that may add to the illustration of the subject of this Chapter we shall annex Galen's definition of a Simple Tabes or perfect Consumption lib. the Tabe A Consumption is the dying of a living Creature through dryness This description is generical extensible to Consumptions of Ulcerated Lungs and those that attend simple Hectic Fevers and so far it 's agreeing to ours that it confirms the latter branch viz. that it 's a devouring corruption of the essential mixture which consisting chief of an oily moisture is corruptible through dissipation or being dried away which Galen here intends by dryness to wit the drying away of the Balsamic moisture Moreover Galen's Commentators make mention of a two fold dryness the one concomitated with a heat which they call a Torrid Tabes the other with a coldness termed Ex morbo Senium when the parts are consumed through extinction of their native heat and dissipation of their Radical moisture Gal. in the forecited Book subjects all the parts of the body to a simple Consumption or Tabes excepting the Lungs which being of a moist and soft temperature seem not at all disposed to suscept any dryness But on the contrary it 's ordinary for Smiths Cooks and others whose employment is conversant about the Fire to incur such an extreme dryness of their Lungs that in the dissection of their Carcases they appear liker Sponges than moist Lungs the like observation you 'll read below touching the withered Lungs of one Pendarves CHAP. VI Of the nature and kinds of Bastard Consumptions IMproper or Bastard Consumptions are only slow growing extenuations or wasting of the fleshy parts directly moving to a True and Proper Consumption by reason of some indisposition of the intern parts humours and insluent spirits In proper Consumptions there is a devouring of the Spermatick parts and essentials here only of the flesh and humours So that a Bastard Consumption is curable with ease because it 's no more than a superficial and growing malady relating to the consumed fleshy parts but the other implies a very difficult cure not by restoring the Spermatick parts which as we shown in the preceding Chapter is impossible but only by stenting and removing the corruption of the forementioned essentials A Bastard Consumption chief comprehends these following 1. An Hypochondriack Consumption 2. A Scorbuick Consumption 3. An Amorous Consumption 4. A Consumption of Grief 5. A Studious Consumption 6. An Apostematick Consumption 7. A Cancerous Consumption 8. An Ulcerous Consumption 9 A Dolorous Consumption 10. An Aguish Consumption 11. A Febril Consumption 12. A Cachectick Consumption 13. A Verminous Consumption 14. A Consumption of the Rickets 15. A Pocky Consumption 16. A Poisonous Consumption 17. A Bewitched Consumption 18. A Consumption of the Back 19 A Consumption of the Kidneys 20. A Consumption of the Lungs All these tending to a True Consumption unless anticipated prevented by a mortal acute Disease do justly come under the notion of Bastard or growing Consumptions Neither is' t our purpose to treat farther of of these Diseases than relating to Consumptions the manner whereof how they may be conceived to cause such extenuations we shall succinctly in short set down in particular Chapt. CHAP. VII Of an Hypochondriack Consumption AN Hypochondriack Consumption is an extenuation of the fleshy parts occasioned by an infarction clogging and over filling and obstruction of the Spleen pnrcreas mesaraick and Stomachick Vessels through melancholy or gross dreggish tartarous humours whereby it happeneth the blood is not sufficiently defaecated or clarified but remains muddy and ditchy which stagnating standing still without motion thus for a while turns saltish and acrimonious offending and perverting the Stomach Spleen and Liver in their Offices a necessary precedent of vitiated foul blood which being rejected by the parts the body must needs fall away for want of better nutriture nourishment This salin sap of the Vessels for being refused reception of the parts endues daily a greater ferocity fierceness and declares itself in a more hostile like an Enemy manner by insinuating piercing into the profundity depth of the parts and so drying absorbing sucking up and consuming the Radical moisture and Innate heat arrives to a Proper Consumption Add hereunto the continual vigilies overwaking or want of sleep melancholic sorry dull lingering passions the said Hypochondriack patiented is precipitated forced into whereby the spirits being rendered dull stupid languid fainting and suppressed are deserted left incapable of ventilating breathing and purifying the blood and debilitated weakened in attracting drawing nutriment for the parts which consequently must whither and shrink It 's no wonder therefore so many melancholics do daily drop into perfect Consumptions since their praevious foregoing indisposition doth so directly tend to an absolute marcour dryness Among the rest of the Entrails we have inserted the Spleen the chief seat of this Hypochondriack evil against which assertion may be objected that the Spleen rather seems to be superadded for some use than any public function of defaecating clarifying or engendering blood The use allotted for it may be to fill up that empty space that would be if the Spleen were wanting or to transmit heat to the Stomach for to promote digestion or to serve for a supporter to the Veins and Arteries that pass through it to several parts of the body That it 's not destined for any absolute necessary function of generating or clarifying the blood is inferred from that ancient custom Plautus Haliabbas and Pliny lib. 11. cap. 37. speak of where they were wont to burn the Spleen of their foot coursers that used to run for sport or wagers and some they would quite cut out their Spleen to make them run lighter and render them long wound because the Spleen is otherwise apt to weigh down the Diaphragma Midriff which is a chief instrument of Respiration Ro●saeus in his Treatise de Part. Caes. Sect. 4. cap. 5. inserts an observation of several whose Spleen were cut out and of another whose Spleen was quite worn or dried away and nothing remaining but the outward skin We do easily admit of the possibility of the foresaid practice since I have seen a trial made of it upon a Dog but with this consequence that it certainly shortens life and renders the remaining course implexed with sundry troubles and diseases In the mean time that office which we allow the Spleen is performed by the Liver Pancreas and other parts though with some difficulty because they are overtasked for doubtless in that case the grosser part of the blood is evacuated by the Haemorrhoids as it 's usual in other accidents when the body is mutilated deprived of an Arm or Leg. So that it appears the Office of the Spleen is of great importance though it may be supplied by other parts in case it be diseased obstructed or exected cut out The same exception might be started against the Liver for were it not for the effusion of blood of those great veins that have their root in it or according to others terminate there which would necessarily follow an exection the Liver might not only be exect but it 's Office likewise supplied by the Spleen and the other parts Since I have drawn my Reader a little out of the way by this objection I shall conduct him back to the remainder of this Chapter which is a brief inventory of the Signs of an Hypochondriack Consumption that so he may not be surprised with the fate of it 1. There is a frequent rumbling noise under the Stomach thwarting from the right side to the left and thence back again 2 Pinching pains about the Stomach as if they would gird a man's body close together 3. Glowing heats under the short Ribs 4. Frequent belchings that smell sour or stink 5. A windiness and puffing up of their Stomach especially after dinner and in the morning after they wake 6. Much spitting 7. Vomiting or at least an inclination to Vomit 8. If upon these Signs you find a wasting of your flesh than look about you especially if troubled with a Cough CHAP. VIII Of a Scorbutic Consumption THe Scurvy is discovered a Melancholic Disease through its dreggish tartarous Eruptions as course boils pustles etc. wherein it 's differenced from Hypochondriack melancholy whose tartar melancholy is retained within the body & for that reason proves by far more incommodious as appears by those doleful passions which if it were propelled cast forth in Boils Botches or Ulcers as in the Scurvy would rather conduce to health those sharp scorbutic dregs imitating the nature of yist in causing the blood to ferment or work out into those eruptions breaking 's out whereby the blood is wonderfully clarified and purged Hence it is that many Melancholiques and Splenetic persons are of an exceeding merry and cheerful disposition by reason their melancholy by causing their blood to work doth so much clarify it whereout the spirits must needs afterwards be generated very clear lucid light and lively But of this I have discoursed more at large in Venus unmasked Book 1. Art 37. Par. 134 135. however though the Scurvy proves so healthful during its commencement beginning and augment increase yet being once advanced to a state is found to have endued a more disobliging and corroding nature as appears by those arthritick gouty night pains and Phagedenick raw Ulcers it causes Read my Vener Discovery Book 1. Art 9 Par. 39 through the permutation change of its Nitrous and Vitriolat salt into an Armoniac which partaking of so penetrating and corrosive a nature doth soon attaque the fleshy and immediately after make towards the corrupting of the Fundamental parts A Scorbutic Consumption is easily discerned by observing a lingering wasting of one's flesh upon a praevious foregoing Scurvy attended with a Cough the Signs of a Scurvy I have set down in Venus Unmasked CHAP. IX Of an Amorous Consumption OF all Bastard Consumptions none doth more rapidly swiftly occasion an extenuation of the flesh than an Amorous Condition which where it doth fasten immediately causes a very sensible falling of the countenance whence it 's a common objection when Maids do suddenly grow thin-jawed and hallow-eyed they are certainly in Love Neither is there cause wanting for so subitous sudden an alteration where there is such a lingering sighthing sobbing and looking after the return of the absent object the thoughts so fixed that they are employed upon nothing but the past Vision & the mind all that while so disturbed and perplexed with hopes doubts fears possibilities and improbabilities that the heart strikes five hundred sorts of Pulses in an hour and hunted into such continual palpitations through anxiety oppression and distraction that as the saying is fain would it break if it could By means of all which alterations violent motions frights fears and other passions the Animal spirits of the brain and Vital of the heart spirits suffer such losses and dispersions that we see its ordinary for young Wenches to be reduced to faintings sownings and extreme weaknesses to the admiration of their parents whence such subitous and effrayable frightful symptoms should source take their rise Galen among the rest of his remarks lib. the pracogn ad Posthum cap. 6. tells us of a Woman patiented of his whom he found very weak in bed continually tossing and tumbling from one side to the other and totally deprived of her rest No extern or intern cause could he discover of this malady neither would she contribut any thing of her own confession though he oft required it of her which kind of mute dumb deportment gave him suspicion of some melancholy or love business the woman was troubled with however he repeated his visits the second and third time though with as little satisfaction as before but at last it happened one came to visit her and told her she had been at the Theatre where she had seen Pylades one of the Players dance whereupon Galen observed her to change her countenance and immediately feeling her pulse found it to beat very various and disturbed a sign of some trouble of the mind and so perceiving the same disturbance of her pulse as oft as Pylades was discoursed of was confirmed in his opinion that all those symptoms were a product effect of her love Aretaeus lib. 3. cap. 3. instances likewise a young man involved in the same passion and surprised with the worst of symptoms And beyond all this Valer. Max. lib. 5. cap. 7. records Antiochus the only Son of the King Seleucus deeply fallen in love with Stratonica his Mother-in-law who piously dissembling his burning passion precipitated himself into a most dangerous Consumption the cause whereof his Physician Erasistratus could in no-ways descry before such time as Stratonica entering the room moved a blushy colour in his face and rendered his aspect vivacious lively but deserting him he soon relapsed to the same paleness and languor faintness which ebbing and flowing of his countenance with the uncertainty of his pulse certified Erasistratus of some love wound his Mother had struck upon his heart and declaring this accident to the King his Father almost cast down with grief for his Son now e'en strucken with his last fate he soon yielded his dearest wife for a remedy to Antiochus considering it was chance striving with his unparallelled modesty and bashfulness had reduced him to that extremity Hypocrates shown himself no less skilful in discerning the discriminous dangerous state of Perdiccas' King of Macedonia occasioned by the doting love he harboured in his breast for Phila one of his Father's Concubines whose presence at any time excited a great alteration of his pulse But these passages that resent so much of nature's impressions do in no wise merit to be admired at when brutish dote prove so efficacious in impelling bodies into a marcour extreme leanness as Historians verify of a rich Athonian and indifferently descended who spying a marble Statue erected in a public place of Athens and very curiously wrought grew so passionate upon it that he spent whole nights in embracing it at last desirous to impropriate this object to himself wooed the Senate to part with it offering to lay down a triple value but they censuring it impious to make Merchandise of what belonged to the public denied his importune request whereupon he increased in fondness and bestowed a Golden Crown upon it Clothing it also with rich and costly Apparel adored and oft prostrated himself before it which the Senate judging indecent forbade him making any more addresses to their Statue The young Athenian finding himself deprived of his joy and delight fell into a Consumption and before that could limit the course of his life he cut his own throat This passion was not so ridiculous but it was exceeded by the King Xerxes whom many Authors affirm to have been strangely enamoured upon an Oak which he would oft hug and kiss as if it had been some pretty Woman Many more modern instances we could produce to illustrate the force of this sort of passion upon bodies which we refer to another place These commotions of the mind and body do after a short continuance menace threaten a Consumption by oppressing the heart and its vital spirits with such throngs of blood and spirits that are impelled and propped into its Ventricles small hollow rooms within the heart whereby the heart is choked and obstructed in its pulsation beating and consequently hindered from transmitting vital blood to the parts which for want thereof must necessarily whither and dry away moreover in that case the blood grows thick and muddy for want of motion and so acquires an ill quality and causes obstructions as we have expressed in the preceding Chapter besides the spirits growing dull and stupid do not perform their office in drawing the blood to the several parts which must necessarily add very much to the wasting of the body Lastly if those love frights prove very violent the blood and spirits returning in great streams to the heart may not only suddenly choke it but also extinguish its Innate spirits and so that doting passion happens to terminate end into a mortal Syncope swoon thus Euryalus a Knight belonging to the Emperor Sigismond taking leave of his Mistress Lucretia of Sienna precipitated her into such a Love fit that within a few hours after she Ghosted which course Euryalus was like to have steered upon the news of that sad accident had his passion not been diverted by some recreation his friends gave him The like fate befell a Dutch Gentlewoman upon the sudden death of her Puppy dog which she doted upon beyond imagination as the Scene afterwards attested But young blossomed Girls seem to be troubled with another Devil within 'em to augment increase the fire of their doting hell and that 's their Mother which must ever and anon be a fuming up to their throats upon the least disturbance of their Amours love as I have oft been a Spectator of several that fell into most terrible fits of the Mother five or six in a day upon a rapture of Marriage I shall finish this Chapter with a short observation of the Prognostics foresayings of this Amorous Consumption Young wenches once thoroughly smitten with Love darts seldom or never lose that first impression though they may be diverted by their parents in showing them an imparity unsutableness in their Fortunes Families Persons etc. and therefore must be compelled to marry such others as their Parents please perhaps being persuaded by some Bawdy-Broaker who according to the ancient custom takes ten in the hundred for so much portion he Procures and so much Jointure answerable to the current rate of the market much after the form Cows are sold in Smithfield according to the goodness of their Hides and Tallow In the mean while these poor Lasses droop away between a lingering after their first Loves and a certain chastity that forbids 'em eating Fish and Flesh in one day The only prevention of this great mischief is to imitate the Jewish custom to pen up their Daughters and let them be acquainted with none but such as they certainly intent for their Husbands for beyond contradiction their first Love stands against all opposition of imparities of fortunes families or any thing whatsoever as this narrative witnesses of a Princess of France who walking melancholic alone in the field fell in discourse with a Flemish Shepherds and finding his person talk gesture and tone of speech quite different from the Court Company began to admire him and grew so much enamoured upon him that before their parting they designed their secret transportation into Flanders to which purpose she put herself into the Garb of a Shepherdess and in that disguise lived many years but discovering herself a little before her death did profess herself the happiest person alive not for her condition but in enjoying him she first loved and that she would rather ten Thousand times choose to live a Shepherdess notwithstanding the hardness and vileness that attend so despicable a life in the contentment and satisfaction of her Shepherd than the glorious life of a Princess If upon this you require a censure I can but say it was the humour of a Woman Neither do I find men less estranged to extravagancies in this particular Lucius Vitellius the Father of Vitellius the Roman Emperor a Sage and Prudent person was so affectionately taken with a common Strumpet that he would never suffer her to spit on the ground but always saved her spittle in a golden Vessel he carried about with him for the same purpose whereunto he added so much Honey as would make it into a Sytup which he was wont to lick with the greatest delight imaginable This relation doth not so much savour of folly as that of Galeazo Duke of Mantua of madness he whilst so journing at Milan had so enslaved himself to a fond passion upon a Wench that upon her commanding him to drown himself he immediately gave Spur to his Horse and so plunged himself headlong into the River The great Charlemagne who was master of the better part of Europe yet could not Master the passion he bore to a Gentlewoman whom after she was dead he would not suffer to be removed out of his Bedchamber in order to her Funeral and though she stunk like a Carrion yet scented to him like a Violet What treachery men harbour within their breast to betray 'em to their greatest Enemy Death what a strange enchantment that renders men thus wilfully sottish melancholic mad and desperate Certainly this must be some kind of curse entailed upon mankind for having originally grossly transgressed in that particular But what remedy to resist so great an evil Women in this case require the precedency of cure as being the first occasion of that sin and first cause of the curse witness else their mother Eve who could she but have passed by that sinful curiosity God Almighty in his wisdom had reserved a more noble way of man's propagation in lieu that whereas man is now begotten in the burning Sin of lust like a beast and born creeping out of his mother's belly downwards towards the earth with shame he would have been begotten in a more spiritual manner and have been born gloriously making his first ascension towards the heavens to salute his Creator But to our dooms we do still find the daughters of Eve persisting in their mother's curiosity in alluring the poor Sons of Adam to all manner of lasciviousness and debauchery and to that purpose they plaster their faces with patches rub their skin with white Lead and go naked to the very Paps and they are like they say in France to fall into the Amazons mode of waring short coats to reach no farther than their knees and in this posture will they be leaning out of their Balcones and Windows frisking and giggling that they would even tempt a Saint Ten teems of Oxen draw much less Than one hair of a Woman's tress But all this is but speculation or dumb lechery the practic part consists in their goatish discourses winking at Church going to Dancing-Schools Plays Spring-Gardens Taverns and where not Kissing though repeated hundred times over is a piece of their Dancing-School breeding that 's not to be refused and what saith the Italian to this Donna basciata è mezzo guadagnata a woman kissed is half conquered How these creatures may be reform has been the study of many ages though as we see to little purpose Thus far they all agree women ought to keep within and seldom stir out and when they go forth the Italians will have them to have neither eyes nor ears that is they must not stair men in the face like bucks nor listen after idle talk Neither do they think it necessary for 'em to go to Church imagining a Woman doth very well merit her salvation in doing penance of keeping herself honest at home besides in imitation of Ovid's dictate Otia si tollas periere cupidinis arcus they would have them employed twenty hours a day in Spinning Knitting etc. the rest of the time in eating and sleeping In short these three Devises are necessary to make an honest Woman Retiredness Religion and Employment On the contrary where a Woman is used to Company and little regards Religion and is less employed there 's you know what However notwithstanding all these divertisements they will now and then take an occasion to fall in Love though it be but by hear-say as Guyon writes in his divers Lecons 1. part fol. 365. of three Gentlewomen that fell strangely in love with one and the same person The Story runs thus It happened that a Waiting-Gentlewoman to the Duchess of Urbino took a great liking to a Gentleman belonging to the same Court but her modesty being such as would not suffer her to declare her affection immediately to him advised with another Gentlewoman a friend of hers about it to whom she opened her breast expressing likewise the merits and personage of the Gentleman whose Characters agreeing so well with her own Fancy she namely the second Gentlewoman grew furiously enamoured upon the party described and thereupon in stead of soliciting for her friend she put Pen to Paper and wrote a most passionate Letter for herself and addressed it to the foresaid Gentleman this letter fell accidently into the hands of a third Gentlewoman who upon the reading thereof was inflamed in Love to the same person beyond any of the others and began to push hard for herself But fortune proved so just to them all that because of their rash indiscreet passions they lost their pains and went all without him Voilent Bruchus a Spaniard relates a passage not unlike this of a Duchess of Savoy who fell desperately in Love with a Knight of the Family of Mendoza only by hearing his Sister say Would to God this Princess were Married to my Brother and they would make the most glorious couple in the world for perfection and beauty This succeeded so happily that some time after as the common saying is they had one another These two Narratives afford us another moral to be added as a fourth to the three forementioned devises to wit a young Maid must not only be kept in a perpetual retirement devotion and constant employment but must not so much as be entertained with a discourse of love or young men for fear of raising that evil spirit which afterwards would not be easily allayed Now though a sole rectification of women's corrupt passions they by their allurements gesticulations wanton actions sleering looks and lascivious discourses being the prime movents and inciters of this cursed inclination were a means efficacious enough to prevent men's sortish affections yet we will appose an instance or two whereby you may observe how easily men are checked in their amorous appetites Raimundus Lullius a great proficient in Chemical Philosophy chanced to be furiously taken with the beauty of a certain young Woman and being impatient of his Love flames did vehemently importune her to allay his passion whereupon she prefixed a day which Raimund in no wise forgot to pass by but presented himself at the very moment The fair Lady like a Goddess of chastity in stead of gratifying his beastly lust suddenly fling open her bosom and offered a most filthy stinking ulcered Cancer of her Breast to his view in design to relax or rather break the strings of his Satiric passion which took so good an effect that Raimund now bore greater respects to her for her chastity than ever he did for her beauty But because a sole example is so scant an illustration I shall not think it much to contribute another no less remarkable than the former Hypatia the Phoenix of her time both for her incomparable wit and excellent beauty had the fortune of being most fond doted upon by a young Scholar the force of whose inclinations was so puissant strong that it was like to impel him into a distraction the unparallel chastity of this virtuous Female could in no kind be prevailed with to favour him in what he so passionately aimed at though her compassion sensible of the torment he endured in that amorous hell would have complied in whatever had been consistent with the nature of modesty At length she discovered to herself an ingenious cure to remedy the poor Scholar of his menaced insany madness in order whereunto knowing him to be master of a great deal of reason she mustered a great bundle of her menstruous rags together as the wise man calls them and spread them all open before him saying you men that do so admire at the Elegant shape and Nitourous Complexion of women's upper parts behold now O Scholar the constitution of their lower the object of all your Lascivious Loves what a filthy nasty detestable sight is here whereat the ingenuous Scholar took such a regret having been hither to deluded in crediting this dictate of Hermes Quod est superius est sicut inferius That is whatever is above is like to what is below that ever after he abhorred the sight of a Woman If arguments of this kind drawn from the false appearance of Women would take with the generality of men there 's enough to be said to fling 'em all out of favour But enough of this CHAP. IX Of a Consumption of Grief GRief protracted to some space of time doth inevitably avoidable absorb suck up the fleshy parts of the body and straightway hasten to a perfect Consumption Grief is a pain of the soul for the absence of some good thing or the presence of an evil thing Now as far as the soul o'retops the body so far its pains or rather mournful sensations exceed those of the Carcasle A Gout a Colic the cutting off of an Arm or Leg or searing the Flesh with an hot Iron are but Fleabits to the grieving pains of the Soul for she being only cheerful doth as easily conquer as endure them But it 's otherwise with the body that immediately shrinks under the least pain of the Soul Among the varieties of Grief the controversy of the greatest is solely depending between Grief taken for a disgrace and Grief for the loss of a Relation And both these are such as will attaque fall upon and conquer the wisest and most courageous of either Sex Reason in either of these cases can produce no other than trifling arguments to suppress 'em All ranks of Nobles and Ignobles are observed to yield to the fury of these Soul-pains Bajazed the Turkish Emperor and Tamerian's Prisoner rather than to sustain the disgrace of being carried about in an Iron cage chose death by running his head against the Grates Senca's Wife preferred dying with her Husband before she would survive to grieve for his death Cecinna Petus being sentenced to death but with a reservation that he might make choice of his own way of dying Arrion his Wife came to him though full of grief and in his sight drew a Dagger and stabbed herself crying out the wound I have made doth not pain me but the wound that thou wilt make O Pete pains me To give you an Emblem of a more Chronical of a longer time operation of grief we 'll commend a Narrative or two more to your Reading One Captain Monk a Dane famous for the Expedition he performed to the North to discover a nearer passage to the Indies after a most dangerous Winter-quarter returned home to give an account of his Voyage to the King of Danemark his Master who being dissatisfied at his deportment thrusted the said Captain from him with his Cane whereupon he took his leave and went home but with such a resentment of the disgrace that some few days after he put forward to another world The like Scene we observe in Don Olivares the great Favourite of Spain who soon rendered his life to the conquest of grief he took or the disgrace of being deposed of all his Offices and Dignities Fates not much differing from this befell also Cardinal Woolsey and many other Grandees upon the like occasions In fine it 's a common observation among the Spanish Politicians that the surest Stratagem to be quite rid of a Statesman that stands in the way and besides to avoid popular clamours and censures is to depose him of all his dignities and imprison him where without question the apprehension of his disgrace or the pernicious air of a Prison will soon set a period to the course of his days or at least put him upon some revengeful attempt whereby he may be rendered a riper object for a public Scene This by the way to illustrate to you the danger of a pain in the Soul and the near sympathy there is between her and the body Touching the manner of causality whereby grief effects such fierce symptoms viz. a sudden Death and a lingering Consumption may be collected out of the preceding discourse upon an Amorous Consumption to wit the former is caused through a full and sudden irruption breaking in of thick Melancholic blood into the Ventricles narrow rooms of the heart thereby choking the vital spirits and putting a stop to the heart's pulsation which if intermitted but three or four Pulses portends a certain death The latter is achieved by a gradual suppression of the vital spirits through heavy tartarous dreggish blood which namely the spirits defecting must necessarily cause an extinction of the innate heat and spirits for whose nutrition they are designed and so consequently a perfect Consumption must be the ultimate issue Add hereto the restlessness and intermission from sleep grieved persons are molested with whereby the blood is much dried the spirits consumed and melancholy increased Moreover as melancholic blood doth so much suppress the vital spirits so it 's very unapt for ministering matter for new spirits or being converted into flesh because of its grosseness and crudity Neither doth that blood continue long so as I said before but acquires an acrimony whereby it 's much intended heightened in its devouring and consuming quality CHAP. X. Of a Studious Consumption MOderate labour of the body is universally experienced to conduce to the preservation of health and curing many initial beginning Diseases but on the contrary the toil of the mind to destroy health and generate Maladies by attracting the spirits out of the entire body from their task of Concoction Distribution and Excretion to the brain whither they carry along with them clouds of vapours and excrementitious humours of the whole thereby excessively annoying the brain and its faculties impelling it into various Diseases as Catarrhs defluxions of humours stupors numbness imminution lessening of the memory and imagination impairs of the external senses as dulness of hearing or seeing imbecility weakness in stirring or walking etc. Likewise the other parts of the body being deprived of their spirits sustain very considerable damages as the Stomach happeneth to be weakened in its Concoction whence crudities and loss of appetit the Spleen and Liver in their Offices of defecation whence vicious melancholic dreggish sulphurous blood and obstructions of the Bowels and Vessels the Heart in its distributing the blood to all the parts of the body and strength of pulsation whence an Atrophia or want of nutriment in the parts the immediate cause of a Studious Fastard Consumption Add hereto a sedentary sitting life appropriate to all Students crushing the bowels and for want of stirring the body suffers the spirits to lie dormant and dull whence costiveness dispersing malign putrid fumes out of the Guts and Mesentery a thick double skin that ties the Guts together into all parts of the body occasioning headache flushing of the blood to the head fevers loss of appetit and disturbance of Concoction It is beyond imagination to conceive the sudden destructive effects of a Studious life some eight or ten years since there died at Abington one Pendarves an incomparable hard Student and Minister of that Town who being dissected his Lungs were found to be withered and dried up into an exact resemblance of an ordinary Sponge in point of substance and bigness The like Emblems we find frequently in Universities where Scholars daily drop away of Consumptions Neither is it an extraordinary observation to see Consumptions in the Faces of hundreds of the late Preaching Divines witness else their thin Jaws and number of Caps CHAP. XI Of an Apostematick Consumption APostems although internal do rarely cause Consumptions before they break unless seated amongst the Glandules in the Mesentery where I have observed them to occasion a very discernible extenuation which Symptom seems very strange in that case since a Physician can scarce find any sensible cause of so visible an evil the principal entrails giving no sign of the least distemper and the appetit consisting as formerly In such a case many would impute the foresaid Consumption to obstructions no other cause disease or part appearing suspicious for a deep latent Apostem in the Mesentery if of no great mole bigness cannot be sensibly discovered but by conjecture only since the touch cannot penetrate so deep as to reach it because of its deep situation neither can the relation be expected from the Patient because the part affected is inseusible In the Hospital at Leiden some twelve or fourteen years ago I observed the like accident in a boy who perceiving his flesh to shrink every day more and more although without the least sense of any disease that should cause it applied himself to a Physician of the Town where he than lived who imputed the cause of his Consumption to obstructions of the Liver and Spleen a trodden Sanctuary for hidden diseases and prescribed him a Deoppilative opening and Purgative Apozem not questioning his Cure The youth finding no benefit doubted his Doctor had mistaken the Disease upon this resolves to go to the University to see what the Professors could make of it who all cried out against Hypochondriack Obstructions except Prof. Lindanus who conjectured it might be some hidden abscess in the Mesentery which breaking some few days after was discovered to be an Apostem of the Mesentery by the evacuation of the matter by stool How an Apostem in the Mesentery breaking causes a Consumption of the parts is apparent viz. by immitting purulent fumes into the Arteries and Veins corrupting and affecting the blood with a malign quality which proving very offensive to the parts in subverting and poisoning their innate temperature is rejected by 'em whereby they are forced to whither for want of nutriment The said purulent vapours crowding into the substances of the principal and sub-principal parts viz. the Heart Brain Spleen and Liver do likewise so infect poison and destroy their Innate temperaments that they immediately begin to languish in their offices to the great prejudice of all the body But it 's not so manifest by what means an Apostem in the Mesentery should occasion a Consumption before its maturation or breaking since no purulent fumes can be supposed to be transmitted throughout the body before a maturation nor after unless the humour break because the said fumes cannot transude sweat through the bag of an Imposthum In my opinion the parts happen to be consumed for want of nourishment that 's intercepted from them through the Apostems tumid compression and coarctation of the Mesaraick and Lacteal milky veins whereby the transmission of Chyle a white juice all our Victuals is turned into in the Stomach and blood is obstructed CHAP. XI Of a Scirrous Consumption IT 's requisite I should first tell you what a Scirrus is namely a hard tumour without pain feeling to the touch like a stone caused through a concretion of melancholic extravasate shed out of the veins or arteries Blood Setting aside the enumeration of compound Scirrous tumours viz. Scirrous and Oedematique Scirrous and Phlegmonique Scirrous and Erysipelous I shall only insert the kinds of generation of a simple Scirrus either it 's primarly generated out of the effusion of melancholic blood or secundarily out of the dregs and remainder of a Phlegmonous or Oedematick tumour Either of these befalling the Liver Spleen Stomach Mesentery or any other important entrail may cause an extenuation of the Flesh by compressing the vital and nutritive Channals and so intercepting the course of the blood and vital spirits in their afflux flowing to to the parts 2. By vitiating altering to worse the substance and temperament of the said Entrails whereby the blood is not justly prepared for nourishing of the parts CHAP. XII Of a Cancerous Consumption CAncers invading any internal part of the body do in some space of time through an Arsenical Sulphur and Armoniac Salt Ven. read unmasked fol. 65. & 67. their constituent causes corrode the flesh and soon after corrupt the Essential mixture which done renders them absolutely incurable unless extirpated rooted out by exection or amputation cutting off which within the body takes no place Hereupon the blood is soon vitiated with a malign quality and its Course obstructed which proves the immediate cause of an improper Consumption CHAP. XIII Of an Ulcerous Consumption IT 's needless to premit the description of an Ulcer since it 's generally known I shall only observe their difference some to be external others internal and some to depend upon the intemperament of the part Ulcerated others upon the continual afflux of lacerative taring humours and lastly some to be irrigated moistened with a more malign pus matter than others Of these its certain both extern and intern do oft cause a gradual maceration wasting of the Flesh but of externals only such whose pus matter is virulent venomous and malign the steams whereof regurgitating flowing back into the Vessels do sensibly infect the blood and the temperament of the chief intern members where the parts happen to be extenuated in such manner as we have once or twice illustrated to you already 2. Extern Ulcers depending upon the transmission of vitiate foul humours out from within the body do occasion an extenuation of the parts by attracting and depriving them of their nutriment as I once observed in a youth in the Charitè Hospital at Paris who through the daily and copious efflux evacuation of matter through the Orifice mouth of a deep Ulcer in his Thigh was reduced to a Skeleton skin and bones and so within a while after died of a perfect Consumption Intern Ulcers impel the parts into Consumptions through their purulent fumes thereby poisoning and infecting the blood that should nourish them CHAP. XIV Of a Dolorous Consumption VIolent pains are only apt to cause inflammations and acute Fevers which terminating to a good or evil Crisis are not likely to occasion Consumptions so that it 's only lingering soft durable pains do dispose patients to them by oft attracting the spirits from other parts and spending them for nothing doth waste the spirits swifter than pains so that pains for spending of the spirits of all other accidents comes nearest to the copious and swift loss of spirits by Phlebotomy opening of a Vein Now how the diminution of spirits causes a Consumption we have set down before in the preceding Chapters Add hereto the interception of sleep that pains occasion which doth very much increase the dispersing and depopulating of the said spirits Next to these lingering durable pains short intermittent or swift recurrent pains do precipitate patients into Consumptions as lingering pains of the Stone recurrent pains of the Stomach Meagrims and other sorts of recurrent headaches do frequently macerate make lean the parts and render their looks Consumptive and pining CHAP. XV. Of an Aguish Consumption AGues if deeply radicated rooted do frequently impel force bodies into Consumptions by vitiating altering the Liver and Spleen and perverting their Offices Among these Quartans and Tertians of a long continuance do most menace threaten this Symptom the former as depending upon a corrupt incinerated burned melancholy and the latter upon an adust burned Stibial or Aeruginous Sulphur both these being very active in devouring the fleshy parts and entrenching upon the fundamental mixture A true and simple Tertian terminating according to the ordinary observation in seven returns or Paroxysms is now and then succeeded by an Hectic Fever a fellow Symptom to a true Consumption by reason of its swift termination leaving some deep relics of its cause viz. Stibial Sulphur in some of the chief parts where it lieth closely impacted propped in and is not easily extermined removed Now had the said Tertian been of a more slow and gradual pace it would gradually have expelled those Relics so that you may know how dangerous it proves for an Ague to disappear without taking Physic for it CHAP. XVI Of a Febril Consumption WE have oft observed that malign continual peracute very sharp and violent Fevers do after most dangerous and doubtful attaques suddenly remit into a sensible abatement of the ardent burning heat insufferable thirsts immanous raging headaches and Frenzies besides a change of their low quick inequal Pulles into more ordinate ones and a mutation of their red fiery Urinal into a thick milky colour and curdle settling by all which appearances hundreds of young Physicians have been deceived and thereupon confidently asserted their Patients free from all danger but much to their shame for these be certain signs of an Hectic Fever and a true or perfect Consumption as appears by their weak and languishing condition without any sense of pain or heat or perversion of their reason which may continnue so with them for two or three weeks and then they expire like a wasted candle Moreover it 's attested by many Physicians that a Continent Fever or a Synochos imputris doth sometimes migrate change into an Hectic Fever CHAP. XVII Of a Uerminous Consumption PHysicians do ordinarily observe three sorts of Worms engendered within the body of man viz. ordinary Gut Worms Lumbrici sive vermiss teretes of a long and slender shape like ordinary Earth Worms being generated out of a slimy matter colliquated from the Mesaraick Glandules and adhering to the intern tumicks skins of the thin Guts which as soon as vivifyed grown live through a vital spirit enclosed within that slimy matter as it were in a bag and so shaped into Worms loosen and slide off from the intern tunic coat of the Guts and frequently creep into the Stomach for nutriment being attracted thither by the sweet chyle the white juice of the Stomach whence they are called Stomach or Maw-worms These being most usually engendered in Children do commonly cause them to look hollow-eyed with a lived of a lead Colour Circle about the under eyelids sharp nosed thin jawed and incommoded with a slimy mattery Cough stink of Breath and an Erratic Fever all Symptoms very near a kin to those of a True Consumption and if not prevented in time render their Subjects incurable The cause of the foresaid extenuation of body and hollow-look is imputed to the defect of nutriment arriving through the chyles the white juice of the Stomach being absorbed by the Worms and the blood's vitiation alteration by malign putrid vapours smoking throughout the Vessels out of a putrefyed slime of the Guts and so consequently rendered unapt of being opposed joined to the parts The said putrid vapours through exciting a Fever do colliquate the Phlegmatic humours of the body and brain which transuding sweeting through or distilling to the Lungs cause their mattery Cough The stink of breath is caused through steams rising from the corrupted chyle of the Stomach There is a second sort of Worms commonly resembled to a Woman's hair-lace or fillet thence called Taenia or Tinea generated likewise in the Guts The shape of these Worms is flat small and round like to Gourd Seeds which being linked together to the breadth and length of an ordinary hair-lace seem to be united into one entire Worm which sometime is found to be of an incredible length it may be of five or six yards as Tulpius records in his observations jacobus Oethaeus lib. Obseru. Med. attests to have seen three Worms evacuated by a Woman the longest whereof did equal Eighteen yards Alexander Camerarius recites one of twenty yards long Platerus reports a view of several Worms that were at least forty foot long The breadth of this Vermin is sometime an inch othertimes half an inch broad It appears usually of an Ash colour marked with black spots or cross lines going a thwart dividing it into thousands of small bodies like Gourds Motion it hath none so that it can scarce be termed a moving creature neither doth it live because it doth not increase internally like living creatures but by apposition So that it 's called a Worm only from its external shape and appearance the head is small and long and the tail short Persons thus vermifyed troubled with Worms seldom go to stool without avoiding a great quantity of those verminous wormy seeds and are oft incommoded with gnawing griping pains round about the Navel oftimes extending to the Hip-bone which gnawing pains are apt to increase upon the least emptiness of Stomach so that the patiented is ever obliged to fill his Gut with an immoderate proportion of food not only for to nourish his body but also to appease that ravenous Vermin which notwithstanding doth defraud the body of its nutriment and infects the spirits with malign steams which in some space of time must necessarily produce a very sensible extenuation of the parts The material cause of this Worm is a vicious slimy chyle adured by a strong heat that dries it up into such numerous bodies Ascarides are a small sort of Worms like Maggots bred in the intestinum rectum or Gut of the Fundament exciting an incommodious itching of the Fundament with frequent desires of going to Stool They are usually discovered by the excrements being perfused with them This sort of vermin immitting putrid fumes into the Vessels doth sometimes cause faints and Convulsion Fits as jessenus witnesses to have seen such accidents in several They may also by the same malign smokes occasion a decay of the parts though more rarely than Maw-worms or a Tinea These Ascarides do now and then creep into the Thighs and other parts Worms are likewise generated in most other parts of the body though very infrequently Bauhinus if I mistake not speaks of a Worm generated in one of the Ventricles of the Heart the patiented dying of a Consumption Hollerius reports a Worm discovered in a man's Brain Duretus' remarks another generated in the Kidneys and evacuated by Urin. Several make mention of Worms engendered in the Lungs Liver Spleen etc. all perducing their subjects into Consumptions CHAP. XVIII Of a Pocky Consumption THe ordinary back door the Pox goeth out at when it commits its subject to the custody of its first Mother Earth is a Pocky Consumption occasioned through the dispersion of virulent steams out of the hearth of those Phagedenick Ulcers by immanous outrageous arthritick of the joints pains and continual vigilies intermission from sleep But since I have discoursed of this in my Venereal discovery fol. 167. and 168. I shall insist no farther upon it CHAP. XIX Of a Bewitched Consumption I Shall not here undertake the task of discussing the possibility of fascinous bewitched Diseases farther than refer your censures to such experimental instances as are produced for it But whether those experimental remarks may be credited and if so whether to be imputed to Witchcraft therein lies the point of controversy Now these three Specific notes will easily resolve the query 1. The Symptoms of Witchcraft must transcend the dependence on natural causes as Vomiting Pins pieces of Nails etc. 2. There must be several credible witness that assert the sight of those supernatural Symptoms 3. The said Symptoms as they are supernatural so they must be only curable by supernatural means namely by Devout Prayers or Diabolical imprecations curse and exorcisms by the same or other Witches Several there have been that attested the sight of persons that vomited Pins Hair Pieces of Nails Feathers etc. these certainly are supernatural Symptoms if true but those witnesses being such as their testimonies might well be doubted of infer no conclusion 3. it 's certain some there have been that have vomited up the foresaid bodies but they were such as to get money from the Spectators had swallowed up thick short blunt Pins or Feathers and vomited them up again voluntarily as having a power to force themselves a vomiting at their pleasures by straining or by other means in taking Vomitories privately These two Symptoms are generally asserted fascinous bewitched viz. 1. A Lingering Consumption without a sensible internal or external cause and yielding to no kind of Physical Cure 2. Effrayable and supervulgar Convulsion Fits distorting the patient's Neck and Back in a manner that it 's a Thousand wonders they are not broken or dislocated turning their eyes even round within their heads deluding their Fancies with strange frightful visions speaking strange languages etc. an emblem of the first we have in the relation of King james the 4. or 5. of Scotland who falling away in his flesh more and more every day without the precedence of any Procatarctick cause that should occasion it as Melancholy ill Diet etc. and notwithstanding the helps of Physic against any intern cause or Disease that might be rationally conjectured at last was suddenly cured by decharming the Witchcraft that that had long been suspected and at length discovered in Danemark which was an Image of Wax exactly resembling the said King whereby it was also known and pierced through in several parts of the body with pins and particularly in those parts where the the King felt his pains which as they were taken out of such parts so his pains ceased likewise at the same instant in the same parts and being all drawn out felt himself entirely cured and suddenly grew fat again In reference to the decision of this instance there can be only this objected that had the King taken no Physic his Disease might more probably have been suspected fascinous but since he had made use of the best Medical helps the Art of man could afford which continued for a long space do oft at last perform marvelous cures the King's subitous recovery ought rather to be attributed to the Skill of his Physicians Likewise Children are very apt to fall suddenly into a wasting of their flesh which happening as the other instance without any visible cause is frequently termed a Bewitched Disease but questionless that Symptom must depend upon some obstruction of the Entrails or Verminous disposition of body and therefore a meet hallucination error of the Vulgar The second particular is exemplifyed in Hysterick troubled with Fits of the Mother Women especially Maids the rarity of whose Symptoms doth oft strike such an atonement into Spectators that they confidently report them possessed with the Devil In the year 1661. there lived one Mary Wait of the Society of Free-willing Baptists at Horly in the County of Oxon who was frequently troubled with miserable gripes in her Guts pinch at her heart choking at her throat suppression of her breath blows on her head ejaculations from her seat and sometimes off of the Horses back whereon she rid now and then was struck dumb deaf and blind oft entertained with Angelic Visions and reduced to a very low ebb of Strength etc. all which extravagant Symptoms her Visiters were pleased to term Sufferings and Buffet of Satan and accordingly to the intent of turning this evil one out of possession they spent near upon a Twelvemonth with her in Prayer but to little purpose until such time that one of her Visions revealed to her that she should feed upon bread and water boiled to a Panada and drink nothing but Spring water whereby she soon grew rid of her Devil and entirely recovered Now observe to this day cannot that people be persuaded but that the foresaid Mary was possessed with the Devil and ascribe her deliverance to their implorations prayers so that judging the nature of the Disease by the remedy à juvantibus if we believe she was delivered from those Fits by Prayers of the Godly we cannot deny the Disease to be Diabolical of the Devil But since the case appears quite in another dress to the eye of a Physician who can soon produce parallel Symptoms if not worse issuing from ordinary Diseases we may justly doubt of the rise of this It 's not rare to see young Amorous Girls through the fury of an Hysterick Fit of the Mother Paroxysm cast into a Trance for an hour or two and all that while under a resemblance to the features of death and possibly diverted with some merry Fancies or rare Visions of their Sweethearts or of Kings Princes etc. and it may be some a Courting or Embracing of them which makes 'em now and then burst out into a strange Fit of laughing to the amazement of their Visiters Others again of a more zealous frame during their Trance seem to converse with nothing but Angels or Devils as this foresaid Mary who according to the Narrative seems to have had several interviews and discourses with Angels and Devils the contents whereof she afterwards recited to her Brethren who faithfully recorded them upon Parchment as some new Revelations But those of a more trist sad and melancholic composure their Hysterick Trances proving Tragic perspectives to them perhaps of beholding the murder or execution of some of their dearest Relations or those they bear an affection to are incident into sudden cries and howling tears And lastly the Fits of others seems most Energick in their tongues in occasioning them to speak strange Languages and Sentences like Oracles to which latter some of this age have given an equal credit with that of the Ancients to the Oracles of Delft It 's inserted in Histories that a Maid of Liege whilst detained with one of her Uterin Passions expressed herself very fluently in the Greek Tongue although when released of her Fit she was utterly ignorant of the said Language Another Italian Lass Peter Messiah Camerarius makes mention of in his Ho● Succ. who proving Frantic through the extremity of a Fever spoke very good French without ever having been known to be experienced in that Tongue But to return to Mary wherein I do willingly retard myself somewhat the longer since a● entire tract has been published by her Brethren to delude the world with their miraculous casting out of a Devil which all the while proved to be no other than an Hysterick Passion and if that may be termed Devil than many an Hysterick Woman has a Devil more in her than she had before To render the point more clear choking in her Throat gripping and pinching of the heart Cardiaca passio he● trancing imaginary beating of her head which is no other than a sudden Convulsion of the Dura mater her being cast off her Seat or Horses back an effect of a strong Convulsion violently and swiftly retracting all the Muscles of the body one way which must needs be forcible enough to cast the body to a great distance for a man voluntarily can cast his body a great way by leaping through the natural impulse of some of his Muscles much more when they are all violently moved one way by a strong Convulsive motion her strange visions and imaginations etc. are all genuine Symptoms of an Hysterick Passion or Fit of the Mother fuming up in malign and poisonous clouds to her Guts and there causing a griping thence to the mouth of the Stomach and there occasions that seeming pinching at her heart thence to her Heart where it caused a Deliquium fainting and Syncope swooning so up to the Lungs whence her choking and thence to the Brain the occasion of all her depravate false visions or sometimes those venomous fumes might directly have tended to the brain and spring of the seven pair of Nerves & thence down the back where they may impel all the Nerves and Muscles into a Convulsion Add hereto her cure by Panada and drinking of Spring water argumentum à juvantibus singularly conducing to the repelling of those uterin fumes smokes of the Mother and coarctating shrinking the passages whereby the said fumes must necessarily be intercepted and in time absolutely cure her However this one Symptom seems the strangest of all that as she rid on Horseback she saw the Devil twice making to her in the shape of a black Angel As to this I am very apt to believe her and the manner thus her Imagination being depraved with those black Hysterick smokes and accustomed to receive an impression of a Devil from those black clouds forming themselves into such a shape within the Cells of the Brain possibly just at the termination of the Optic nerves the Sinews of the sight they might easily return to the same shape and impression besides those clouds so shaped might as well make an impression upon the roots of the Optic Nerves within which continuated to the eye especially if hebetated rendered dull or dozed cause the same perception as a wind within the head when the brain is distempered by a cold beating against the root of the auditory Nerve the finew of the hearing and protracted to the Tympanum a little Skin within the Ear causes the sensation of a noise as if it were heard from without though it is not or in short why should not the Eye be subject to be deceived by an object from within as well as the Ear by an internal noise or the Tongue by a taste from within that it is so is apparent in frantics who do really imagine they see that without which their imagination is affected with within CHAP. XX. Of a Consumption of the Back A Consumption of the Back here implies little more than a sensible gradual diminution of the strength in the back arriving through a counter-natural proflux flowing of Sperm Seed Common experience is a suffrage vote to Galen's Dictate that a natural and moderate evacuation of Sperm through Venereal Embraces doth greatly conduce to the preservation of health disposes a man to fetch his breath more freely and renders the body light and sprightful and that not only in men but other Animals a Cock hath no sooner pleased a Hen but presently after he Crows a tone that corresponds to singing attesting his mirth & spritefulness the reason is because Omne nimium est Naturae inimicum whatever is overmuch is offensive to nature as oppressing the spirits which burden being diminished or taken off from them must needs render them more lively and lusty Now the more noble and excellent that is which is abounding the greater damage it imports and therefore blood when abounding causes acute putrid Fevers inflammations of the Bowels that oft inevitably tend to the ruin of the whole but of a far more dangerous importance is an over plenitude of the Spirits as being of a more noble and excellent degree whence it is that a retention of the Seed proves of so calamitous a consequence because of its turgency with spirits in Women we see it effects such effrayable Hysterick Symptoms as appears in the Narrative of Mary Waite as no other Disease can Parallel in men it occasions inflammations of the Testicles or Cod commonly terminating into grangrenes incurable Ulcers a continual melancholic dull heavy posture of body difficulty of respiration breathing palpitation beating of the heart a durable tinning noise and pains in the head and worse than all these a Spermatick seedy Fever in malignity and putrefaction transcending all others By the way this sort of Fever is not mentioned by any Author because it 's comprehended under continual humoral Fevers but certainly for want of observation whose Urins if heedfully perspected appear full of white filaments threads or Spermatick Hairs which Physicians have hitherto erroneously judged adust burned hair's expelled from the Kidneys Another most ridiculous though not without great danger Symptom the said Spermatick Plethory or retention of Seed produces in Women is a Madness of the Mother furor uterinus impelling them to all manner of Lascivious looks Bawdy discourses and enticing gestures to such a degree that they oft take up their Coats and beg men to humour them as if they begged for an Alms. Hereto corresponds a Madness of the Father which we find so extravagant in some men that they cannot forbear but must bent all their discourses looks and actions to wantonness neither can this or that in Women be sentenced vice because occasioned by a Disease which the Apostle himself could term no other than Burning whereby we see he compared it to the greatest pain in the world and therefore to prevent the growth of so dangerous an accident he advised all rather to Marry than to Burn. However in these days that Symptom seldom arrives to that height of Madness in Men since they can easily find the way to a Bawdy-house to prevent it yet this doth not exclude but that it 's as possible in them as in Women whose chastity worn into them by a strict education rather than by the dictates of their seeble reason diverts them from taking the same course of prevention Neither is this all the mischief of a Spermatick Plethory of times transmitting hot putrid steams of Sperm to the brain which is not strange there being that Sympathy and intercourse between the brain and the natural parts that the least Fancy of a pleasing object puts them into posture which insinuating into its substance engender a Bedlam madness And what makes so many hundreds of Women run Mad but that which they call Love by oft stirring of those inflamed and putrefyed Spermatick fumes which not being vented through their natural passages are preternaturally forced up into the pores of the brain whereby its temperament is subverted and a venene venomous quality subsequent to it depraves the Fancy into a Madness Now had these females not been interrupted with Wooers those parts would have remained dormant and consequently not attracted or generated such a quantity of Sperm which otherwise abounding and being oft stirred with their love visions without evacuation must necessarily putrefy So that we may hence plainly collect the first inconvenience Women fall into through rapture of Love which had hitherto occasioned that plethory and commotion of Sperm must be Fits of the Mother because the Seed being augmented moved and not vented must putrefy and so cause those Fits 2. The next inconvenience is a Bedlam madness mania produced through a stronger passion of Love occasioning a greater Plethory abundance of Sperm and a stronger commotion which not being vented because of the Woman's frustration in her Love inflames and turns to a more malign venene putrefaction whose fumes do easily intoxicate poison the Brain Notwithstanding though all sorts of madness imply so difficult a cure because of the deep latency of a venene cause in a noble part yet this kind of madness that 's occasioned by Love in the commencement yields to the easiest cure viz. by slackening the bridle of chastity whereby vent is given to the putrefying Sperm and the ascending malign Spermatick fumes revealed drawn back And by that sort of cure I have heard of several Women reduced to their perfect wits and of two or three Maniacks Mad-mer who although impelled into that distemper through an adust malign Hypochondriack Melancholy were set to rights again by the kindness of their Mistresses for which cure there can no other reason be given than that Venereal evacuations do potently revel or draw from the head whereby the said Melancholic fumes are retracted downward and refrigerate cool the adust humours that inflame the Brain and lastly abate that over plenitude of raging spirits Moreover we may observe that Italians though extremely disposed to a Maniack Madness through their adust Melancholic temperature and studious course of life yet it 's a very rare thing to hear of any Maniacks among them and that certainly for no other reason than their frequent use of Women which the indulgence of their Religion has made Universal on the contrary in those countries' where the severity of their Laws doth strictly enjoin chastity upon the Inhabitants as in Holland though the coldness of the Climate and their cold Diet doth oppositely resist Maniack Madness yet there is not a Town so small but is provided with a Bedlam for to secure those numbers of Maniacks both Men and Women Neither is the benefit of this sort of evacuation so particular as to relate only to individuals but that the public also partakes of it as in Turkey Italy and Spain and other Countries where Polygamy having many Wives and Scortation Whoring are tolerated they find it renders their Subjects both Men and Women more tractable and obedient to Government and seldom are known to rebel questionless by subtracting great quantities of spirits which are so copious in the Sperm the Plethory whereof would otherwise render them viz. the Spirits turbulent and furious On the other side where that kind of liberty is restrained their Subjects do oft fall into furies and rebellions against the Magistrate as appears too often in these Septentrional northern climates the reason is as before because the said Plethory and retention of Sperm renders the Spirits furious and mad This premissory discourse doth not infer so great a damage from an over-repletion of Sperm but that the detriment of an over-evacuation may be equal or rather surmount it Henricus ab Heer in his observations relates the Cure of one of his Patients whom finding suddenly reduced to the lowest ebb of weakness could suspect no other cause but his over-pleasing his Wife in which surmisal the Patients Urinal replenished with whitish Spermatick Filaments and his confession after he had recovered his Speech confirmed him This doubtful Cure gave a sufficient testimony of the danger he was precipitated into through that Venereal Syncope Neither is this the sole Disease those furious Goats arrive to but are oft strucken with tremble of the joints Palsies Gouts and other neuritick Sinewy Diseases Two years ago I had a Flemmen in Cure at London his Disease was a Ptisick in a dangerous degree or Asthma oft excurring to an Orthopnoea a Ptisick in the worst degree the cause a Metastasis or translation of tartarous humours from his joints to his Lungs for it seems his preceding Disease was the Gout which was droven inwards through the unskilfulness of his Physician into his breast Hereupon I inquired into the first occasion of this Arthritick of the joints malady whether it was Hereditary or acquired by ill Diet or by what other external cause to this he gave me a full satisfaction ingeniously confessing that when a young man and married to a lusty Frow he had so travailed himself off his Legs in yielding to his Wife's insatiableness that about a year after he fell into an Universal tremor trembling of all his joints that when going his Legs trembled under him and was no sooner recovered of that but Arthritick pains succeeded which afterwards exchanged into an incurable Ptisick Several other evils this kind of excess produces but most frequently a Consumption of the Back which Hypocrates styles a Tabes Dorsalis appropriating it most to youngmen surfeiting themselves with the first tastes of their Nuptial wedding delights The immediate cause of this Consumption is an insupportable loss of Animal spirits those that move the joints engendered by the Medulla Spinalis or Marrow of the Back and the Brain which said loss of spirits must necessarily occasion a great weakness of the Back and Brain and consequently of all those parts that depend on them viz. the joints as the Legs Arms etc. 2. The Brain and Back suffering so great a draught of Animal spirits must necessarily draw a great proportion of Vital blood to recruit themselves and furnish the other parts that do so immoderately draw from them whereby the fleshy and other parts being deprived of their nutriment must consequently be extenuated and if continued reduced to a perfect Consumption That an excessive evacuation of Sperm doth subtract such a large quantity of spirits i● plain to those that conceive the generation and constitution of it viz. it 's constituted and generated out of a copious plentiful conflux flowing of Animal spirits transmitted sent from the Brain and Marrow of the Back through proper chanals leading into the Testicles Cod whose office is to abstract the purest part of them and so to knit and unite them into a thick fluid body Whence taking our Calculation from the essence of wine abstracted from its first body it appears probable that the Sperm being an essence abstracted from a great quantity of Animal spirits which again are essences abstracted from a large proportion of Vital blood doth in the quantity of a dram contain as many Animal spirits as are contained in an ounce within the Nerves which ounce of spirits can be abstracted from no less than eight ounces of Vital blood if so you may easily apprehend what damage the body must suffer by a small loss of Sperm That Sperm is ultimately abstracted from Animal spirits is evident in regard the Brain and Back do so immediately partake of the Symptoms of an immoderate evacuation viz. a great weakness and pain of the Back a contracting pain of the Sinews in the Neck and all the Muscles of the Body and obtusion dulness of the senses both internal and external etc. I could insert many other arguments clearly demonstrating that assertion but that my compendious design will scarce permit To conclude I shall only add two ways of immoderate evacuation of Sperm viz. by over-frequent converses with Women and by a Running of the Reins CHAP. XXI Of a Consumption of the Kidneys THe bare words of a Consumption of the Kidneys do plainly declare their proper intendment and therefore shall spare my pains of proposing a Description that which falls most in consideration is the causes thereof which may be conceived to work that Symptom various ways viz. by starving of the Kidneys by colliquation melting by devoration or corrosion gnawing of their substance or by dissolving of their fundamental mixture In reference to the first they may be starved through obstruction of the Emulgent Vessels that should transport their nutriment to them or through a compression and coarctation shrinking of their substrance by reason of some compressing tumour within their flesh as a Scirrus Oedema or an Apostem or quantity of Gravel generated within their Parenchyma substance or from a compressing cause from without yet within their capacity or Pelvis as a Stone etc. 2. The humours and Fat of the Kidneys are apt to be colliquated melted through a great heat from within as an Ardent burning colliquative melting Fever or an inflammation of their flesh or through an excessive heat from without as through over-riding running going sitting with the back against a Fire or against the hot Sun 3. Mordicant excrementitions Gall and Armoniac tartar ablegated scent thither with the Urine do inflame corrode and Ulcerate their flesh whereby it 's converted into matter or Gravel and Stone generated within their capacity do oft grind away their flesh and effuse their blood apparent in a Sanguine Emiction making water 4. Sometimes a malign humour insinuates into their substance causing an immediate dissolution of their Balsamic principles which happens now and then in malign Fevers and by taking of poisons as Cantharideses the Herb Dipsacus etc. Through these kinds of Consumptions the Kidneys have been observed some to be eaten away by an Ulcer to the ambient cirrounding Skin others to be dried into a friable brittle substance Each sort of these Consumptions is detected by its proper Signs viz. a colliquative Consumption by a great heat in the upper part of the Loins a high coloured Urinal with a number of small streeks of fat swimming a top in the form of a Cobweb An Ulcer of the Kidneys is known by a grating pain in the Loins and excretion of matter descending to the bottom of the Urinal The other sorts are likewise distinguished by particular signs CHAP. XXII Of a Consumption of the Lungs A Consumption of the Lungs may import two significations the one a considerable wasting of the Lungs themselves the other their occasioning the entire body to consume without any great loss of their own substance We shall relate our discourse to both Reflecting upon the particular substance of the Lungs their situation and connexion fastening we shall discover them to be very much exposed to extern and intern injuries and no less capable of injuring the Noble parts whereby the whole by reason of its absolute dependence on them must likewise receive a great prejudice Anatomy exhibits the Lungs to be of a lax porous light or spongy texture of substance which wise Nature hath so form for to answer her scope in a continual motion of inspiring and expiring the Air whereunto a weighty body would otherwise prove very disobedient and unless porous and pervious full of holes like to a Sponge unfit to imbibe and transcolate strain the Air for in effect the office of the Lungs is only to serve the heart in the capacity of Aereal strainers to strain the air and separate it from gross or other offensive inherents it may carry with it Wherefore since the Lungs by reason of their office are obliged to a perpetual commerce with the Air which is subject to momentary alterations now cold hot dry or moist then thick thin foggy rymy stinking poisonous they must necessarily lie open to great yea irreparable damages especially where their bodies are so unapt to resist or sustain them because of their thin and lacerable easily to be tared composure To these inspirable hurts we may annumerate those they sustain from their expiration of all sort of noxious offensive and fuliginous sooty steams and stinking putrid breaths and besides all that being constantly employed in motion without acquiring a moment's rest Their situation is within the breast hung perpendicular under the Brain and near to the heart whose wings they represent whereunto they are connected by the Arteria Venosa and Vena Arteriosa by means of which situation they are exposed to receive all the droppings from the Brain whence Coughs Ptisicks Ulcers besides the ill humours the Vena Arteriosa conveys thither which together with those distillations from the Brain finding them a very fit Cistern because of their Sponginess do oft force them into such a swelling as may justly be termed a Dropsy of the Lungs Next considering their coherence with the heart are thereby rendered more capable of doing the greatest mischiefs By the precedence you may now observe how facile it is to drop into a Consumption of the Lungs a Disease that is so fatal to London's Inhabitants and no wonder but a greater wonder any can steal away into their Graves without a Consumption considering the pernicious air of the City the weaknesses of Lungs people inherit from their Parents and their exposal to those injuries we have just now instanced CHAP. XXIII Of the kinds of Pulmonique Consumptions A Consumption of the Lungs is either without or with an Ulceration That without arrives through a Scirrosity Apostem Putrefaction of humours within its pores or a Crude tubercle a small hard swelling 1. The Lungs oft imbibing Phlegmatic and Melancholic humours that are distilled from the Brain or conveyed thither through its pores and chanals are now and then deprehended Scirrous of a stony hardness by dissipation dispersion of the subtler parts and lapidification conversion into a stony substance of the grosser that remain or they may be left indurated hardened through the gross relics of a Peripneumonia or inflammation of the Lungs 2. By Disfection of expired Pulmonicks diseased in their Lungs their Lungs have oft appeared full of small hard Imposthums 3. Excrementitious humours such as are expectorated by a Cough after a Cold or in an Asthma Ptisick Peripneumonia or Pleurisy are very apt to putrefy and corrupt in the Lungs as appears by the stinking breath of such that are so indisposed whereby their accessary nutriment being vitiated rendered faulty and rejected by the Lungs they are occasioned to waste 4. A Crude Tubercle obstructing the inspiration of fresh air and expiration of the fuliginous steams of the heart doth thereby extremely inflame and dry the Lungs the continuation whereof doth at last reduce them to an absolute withering How these kinds of Consumptions propagate their evil to the whole body may easily be collected from the former discourse CHAP. XXIV Of an Ulcerous Pulmonique Consumption HEre I must make my Reader familiar with the Traditional notions young Students in Physic derive from their Hackney Authors upon an Ulcerous Consumption of the Lungs And to be more methodical it 's not unnecessary to digest their documents into several classes 1. Let 's make a disquisition of what they make of it Pulverinus Godofred Steeghius' fol. 447. and Sennert 305. define it a Disease of a diminished bulk diminuta magnitudo Hollerius Duretus Forest. Nic. Piso etc. state it a Disease of a discontinuated Unity Soluta Unitas because it sourceth from an Ulcer in the Lungs Platerus passes it by though Mercurial subtly spies three sorts of Diseases in it viz. a diminished quantity a discontinuated unity and a hot distemper But Capivao comments it chief to be an hot distemper there being a continual heat of the parts and an inflammation of the Lungs always conspicuous in that Disease What to assert among these once great Rabbis seems at first sight difficult but upon a little pausing upon the matter you 'll find it a clear case Those that infer a discontinuated Unity namely the Ulcer in the Lungs for the Disease mistake the Disease for its cause the Ulcer being the chief cause of the Consumption Neither can they be thought orthodox that fling in their verdicts for a diminuted magnitude that rather appearing to be an effect or symptom of the Ulcer in the Lungs and so is the heat of the parts so that none of 'em can hit one another in the teeth that they are in the wrong But should I insist longer upon these trifles I am like to make myself a participant of their ridiculous discourses and therefore shall step over to give you a brief of the causes they allow to the foresaid Consumption though indeed I ought to have touched what part they generally conclude the place affected which some will have the Lungs others the heart and many the whole body The Author of that Treatise entitled De definite Medic. brings in likewise the breast thorax throat and aspera arteria windpipe being affected with a malign Ulcer for seats of an Ulcerous Consumption Touching the internal causes of this sort of Consumption Dogmatists do universally state an Ulcer of the Lungs to be the immediate cause which happens sometime in the Parenchyma or flesh of the Lobes of the Lungs othertimes in their pipes bronchia This Ulcer in the Lungs may be occasioned by several mediate causes viz. 1. Sharp bilious choleric corrosive gnawing humours issuing out at the pores or lips of the veins into the spongy substance of the Lungs whose flesh they afterwards devour & corrupt soon making a putrid hole or cavern which is then termed an Ulcer of the Lungs 2. Hypocrates assigns a ferin wild and taring Catarrh falling into the Lungs for another antecedent cause of a Pulmonique Ulcer a ferin Catarrh is an hot thin and sharp distillation of Rheum which streaming to the Lungs gnaws their veins and flesh and so effects an Ulcer 3. Gross Phlegm stagnating lying still in the Lungs in process of time putrefies and acquires a gnawing quality thereby making prey of the substance of the Lungs 4. The rapture breaking of a vein in the Lungs effusing blood into their pores where it immediately putrefies and Ulcerates The Ulcer these causes produce in the Lungs Hypocrates calls a ferin wild Ulcer because the Nails of those whose Lungs are Ulcerated are recurvated or turned back like the claws of wild beasts that is when they begin to draw near to their long home Moreover this sort of Ulcer is ever cirrounded with an inflammation which being digested into matter renders the Ulcer so much the more sordid To these we 'll add two more namely a Pleurisy which by expectorating spitting out humours by coughing sharp putrid matter through the Lungs may now and then occasion an Ulcer Lastly an Empyema or a collection of purulent matter in the capacity hollow of the breast if not suddenly cured doth undoubtedly impel the Patient into a Phthisical Consumption Chemists impute the cause to a corrosive salt that 's divorced from the Sulphur and Mercury of the blood and afterwards dissolved in those liquors that distil into the Lungs CHAP. XXV Containing a disquisition upon the causes praecited THe indexterity and worse success of the most famous of our Consumption Curers do evidently demonstrate their dimness in beholding its causes and upon that account we may justly pry into the mysteries they involve them in and unravel what is so strongly knit in every Physician's pericranium To this purpose we are to gaze each limb of that Doctrine by itself under the aspect of these ensuing Queries 1. What kind of Choler this is that prove● so ravenous upon the Lungs So careless are Authors in this particular that they imagine the cause of a Consumption sufficiently delared in their scripts by imputing it to excrementitious choler but whether they denote the ordinary yellow gall bilis flava vitellin green read or adust black choler is left as a bone for every Readers discretion to knabble at if we should commit the first of these namely yellow or vitellin choler to the test common observation in yellow Jaundises and other Diseases excuses them from such an Ulcerous acrimony sharpness wherein though very copious and rampant injure the body no other way than by deforming it with a citrinous yellowish discolouration In the next place yellow gall is so familiar with the substance of the Lungs that they seem to thirst chief after the more yellowish or choleric part of the blood for their nutriture Green gall the Institutists would persuade us to be an effect of an overhot Stomach produced out of the hotter proportion of the chyle the white juice of the Stomach which varies in deepness of colour according to the intenseness of the heat of the Stomach some being of a lighter green like Verdegrease thence called Aeruginous gall Bilis Aeruginosa other of a deeper stain or of a dark brownish green like boiled Calwort leaves or woad thence termed Bilis Glastea another of a green different from both like to a leek therefore denominated Bilis Porracea i. e. Leeky gall Neither is' t their judgement that any of these greene's should be capacitated of damnifying the Lungs because of the remoteness of their hearth and was their Spring of a nearer situation they cannot well tell how from a corrosive gall to derive the other Symptoms that usually attend Pulmonique Consumptives as moist Phlegmatic coughs frequent spittings drowsiness and dulness of the senses which rather declare their dependence on a cold Phlegmatic humour than a sharp choleric one Whence we may deduct a second and third Query viz. 2. How chance such cold Symptoms in Consumptions to issue from an hot cause 3. Upon surmisal that Aeruginous gall should gnaw Ulcers in the Lungs is it transmitted to them from the brain whether it may be supposed to be sublimed from the Stomach by distillation or through the Vena arteriosa If either way why should it pass through the principal parts as the Heart or the Brain without annoying either which seem of a more tender disposition than the Lungs that are hardened with the weather or extern air they inspire 4. It 's wonder Authors never summoned blue gall for the cause of Consumptions which the expectorated spit out by Cough matter oft appears tincted with and beyond that the Lungs of expired Consumptives do not seldom appear full of those blue kind of Spots which instance together with the eruption of blue spots exant hemata livida in malign Fever are a certain attest of blue gall This the Institutists have so little noted that they never thought of putting it in their Institutes However not questioning whether Green Blue or Black be the mischief supposing it to be any of them and situated near or about the Stomach why should it prove more Anarrhopous flowing upwards so as to attaque the Lungs than Catarrhapous flowing downwards as it doth in a Dysentery bloody flux pains of the Haemorrhoids inflammation of any of the lower parts Diabetes a continual pissing or a hot Dysury difficulty of making water 5. In what part of the body is the true spring or source where this corrosive choler is engendered 6. Whether a Pulmonique Consumption never happeneth but upon spitting or coughing up blood 7. By what power or quality doth fleam stagnating in the Lungs cause a Consumption 8. Whether that consuming fleam is harboured in the Pipes or substance of the Lungs within their Pores 9 Whether the foreinstanced fleam distils from the head or be imported through the Vessels 10. Whether an Hectic Fever be a cause of a Consumption or a symptom of the cause of a Consumption or symptom of the Consumption itself 11. Whether a Pulmonique Consumption cannot happen without the concomitance of an Hectic Fever 12. Whether there be no other sort of true perfect or proper Consumptions than a Pulmonique of the Lungs Consumption These and many other problems being passed by not only for stating of them but resolving do impeach Physicians of their sloth and absolute insufficiency of curing Consumptions which unless determined is a pregnant testimony they manage their office in that Disease with as little Skill as Conscience Neither is the reader to behave himself so strict and precise as to be contented with no less clear a solution than a demonstration our notions in Physic being of that scantness as seldom reach beyond a rational conjecture which if I engaged to remonstrate here in this Chapter should in order of discourse be obliged to make use of the terms and principles inserted in this and the preceding Chapter and that with the same disadvantage other assertions have hitherto so obscurely been proved Wherefore I shall refer you to the next ensuing Chapter where I do expect a grain's or two allowance which all men have granted them in attempting a solution of doubts by themselves stated CHAP. XXVI Of a more apparent cause of a Pulmonique Consumption THe passage to this abstuse hidden speculation is like a Labyrinth maze divided into several stops turn or wind where at each division we must halt to advise what way lies most direct whither we are designed for the truth of causes steps so lightly through men's imaginations that they must use great subtlety to tract its vestiges footsteps which we find now adays so obliterated blotted out with their course searches that it seems almost barricadoed from any intellectual approach In pursuit of this precept we 'll advert you of several stops or wind being necessary positions whose light will lead you to that so obscure cause of a Consumption of the Lungs Thesis' 1. Symptoms impressed by corrosion point at corrosive bodies for their causes In Pulmonique Consumptions the preternatural concomitants attendants viz. an universal heat of the body an Hectic Fever a torminous diarrhé gripping looseness acre sharp and hot distillations etc. have all a stamp of a Corrosive gnawing quality and consequently are introduced by a corrosive humour Thesis' 2. There are but two sorts of corrosive humours engendered within the body of man namely Choler and Melancholy And between these the impute of a Consumptive cause will lie Touching Fleam and that they single for pure blood neither can be imagined participant of acrimony but rather demulcers and qualifyers of it Which of the two abovementioned corrosives is the chief actor here the following positions will resolve you Thesis' 3. Choler is the lightest and most inflammable part of the blood Whence namely from its inflammability it 's resembled to and called a Sulphur This position informs us of a vulgar error terming the gall bitter as their proverb more peremptorily implies it 's as bitter as Gall whereas in effect there 's nothing gustable sweeter for what is most inflammable must be most unctuous fat and oily nothing being apt to take flame than Oil Fat Butter and other unctuous bodies and what is most oily and unctuous must needs partake of a sweet savour namely of a fat sweetness which Physicians term Pingue dulce or a fat sweet and of that gust is the Gall or Choler being the flower and butter of the Blood This appears more evident in milk which is nothing but blood turned white by being diluted watered with a greater quantity of Serum or whey that is a certain waterish liquor floating in the Vessels in the Glandules Kernels of the breast now milk being charned in a Tub vomits up its butter which is that light and inflammable part reduced to its native colour and above termed Gall. Thesis' 4. Choler is in itself resistent of having any kind of bitterness extracted or produced out of it no not by any kind of inflammation If any force will impress such a bitterness as is thought to be in choler it must be by adustion burning or putting it into a flame which is so far from admitting an Empyreume burning or conceiving any bitter ashes that consisting of a pure oily nature when set in flame it burns clear away without leaving any cinders or adust matter to attest its latent hidden bitterness as doth more plainly appear in Butter Tallow or Oil burning away in a Lamp without leaving any thing bitter behind them Thesis' 5. What amaritude bitterness or acrimony sharpness is deprehended in Choler it acquires from a commixture of Melancholy or extern malign bodies imported with the air This Thesis is a necessary consequence of the next preceding for if gall cannot be rendered acrimonious sharp or bitter of itself nor by inflammation than necessarily whatever acrimony or amaritude at any time redounds in it must be derived from the admixture of another sharp bitter substance which among the humours can be no other than Melancholy Phlegm and pure blood being reputed allayers of acrimony and upon that account Avicen countermands letting blood in choleric bodies because he esteems the blood which he chief here intends pure blood and Phlegm a fraenum bilis or a bridle of the Gall obtunding dulling its acrimony and fierceness Thesis' 6. Choler being set in fire and acting upon Melancholy or rather calcining it into small acuated sharp pointed minimal bodies is by their incorporation with itself rendered acrimonious and bitter whence I conclude Choler accidentaly bitter and acrimonious but not in itself This bitterness and acrimony varies in intenseness and remissness according to the degree of calcination of Melancholy and proportion of Choler it is admixed to Thesis' 7. Choler by the premises is evidenced of being capable only of flaming and kindling a Fever in the body and consequently Melancholy calcined by the flames of Choler must remain the sole cause of acrimony and corrosion and inclusively of occasioning Ulcers both within and without the body Thesis' 8. The heart beating vigorously and strong doth together with its Sulphurous flames expel the foresaid calcined melancholy to the circumference especially if the said humour be but diluted watered with the serosity waterish liquor of the blood Neither is this sole vital faculty sufficient to exterminate turn out noxious humours to the periphery or outward parts unless the animal faculty be concurrent with it to supply the Fibres with Animal Spirits which do not only render them strong to expel but sensible of feeling the least sting of any offensive humour whence they are immediately pricked or spurred to contract themselves and by means of that contraction to expel If on the contrary the heart beats weak and the animal faculty be found faintish the foresaid acrimonious humour remains within and causes internal erosions Moreover notwithstanding the strength of both faculties the humours expelled to the circumference are apt now and then to regurgitate flow back by reason of obstructions in the capillar very small like hairs veins terminating in the extremities Hitherto we have discoursed of the same causes how they happen to engender several Diseases though in the same bodies but at different times That which falls next in consideration is an answer to the fourth Query of the Chapter preceding viz. Why the same corrosive humour should sometimes prove Anarrhopous flowing upwards and generate Diseases in the upper parts and otherwhiles Catarrhopous flowing downwards impressing maladies upon the lower The occasion of the various diversion of the foresaid humour is situate partly in the disposition of the part Mandant the strength and weakness of the vital and animal faculty the parts transmitting or giving passage the disposition of the part recipient receiving and the qualification of the humour transmitted The part Mandant sending or expelling is here chief intended for the place where this acrimonous humour is generated and hearth or spring whence it sourceth and crupts The place is where the acrimonious nourishing humours are primarly first concocted or receive the form of humours and where they are afterwards further wrought purified and clarified This assertion probably will accuse many parts more than what ordinarily Physicians have their eye upon The Stomach is a part that primarly digests and converts Victuals transmitted thither into a whitish or cineritious like ashes humour called the Chyle which if it be not exactly dissolved into an even through melted juice must necessarily abound with thick and gross admixtures Now it 's a current saying among us that the fault of the first concoction or digesture is not amended in the second vitium primae coctionis non corrigitur in secunda wherefore the chyle being transmitted crude and gross into the Vessels and arriving in the Spleen and Liver sticks in the capillar veins and keeps in the heat or hot steams that should arise out of their Parenchymae or fleshy substance to ferment attenuate and defaecate clarify the blood The heat of those entrails being thus enclosed and penned up redoubles and gradually after it hath extremely dried and scorched burns and calcines them into a kind of fixed Salt which according to the nature of the Victuals whence they received their constitution and the intention of heat proves a Nitrous Vitriolat or Armoniac Salt The Spleen in this case is found to contain a Mine more frequently producing an Armoniac and Vitriolat Salt with a small admixture of a coagulated Sulphur The Liver is the more fertile parturient of Nitrous and sometimes of a Vitriolat and Armoniac tartar but with so copious a commixture of coagulated thickened choler or Sulphur that it ought rather to be named a Cinnabrin or Aeruginous Sulphur from the greater proportion of Sulphur to a far smaller of Salt The heart we conceive to be the sole mine of Arsenical Sulphur whose pernicious steams insulting upon the Vital Spirits produce malign and spotted Fevers The Stomach is likewise oft stuffed between its tunicks coats and in the smaller branches of Vessels that are inserted into its body with the dregs of obstructive crude chyle whereout such Salts and Sulphurs are calcined and extracted as in acrimony and corrosion prove no wise inferior to those engendered in the Spleen or Liver since produced with so intense a heat as is required for the first solution of the hardest food and probably a stronger heat being raised to a higher pitch by obstructions and the ebullition of some of those acrimonious bodies already engendered That the Stomach is so common a spring of Consumptive sublimations and distillations needs no other proof than the sense of the Patient attesting a great clog and oppression at his Stomach oft crying out if that were removed he should be well besides his nauseousness vomiting and difficulty of digesture he finds his gullet all along very sore rough and stuffed with humours subliming upwards which sometimes may not reach so high as his brain but are imbibed by the tonsils and other Glanduls about the Throat where in like manner aforesaid they are dissolved into an oil and so distil between the Membranes of the Aspera arteria into the Lungs To this the remedies argumentum à juvantibus add an unquestionable verdict Vomitives being twice or thrice exhibited in the beginning or augment do oft eradicate the mineral cause of a Consumption Likewise Lohocks and Syrups that are so usually prescribed do immediately seem to abate and demulce the hoarseness and violence of a Cough by mollifying the ruggedness of the intern tunic of the Gullet and thickening or rendering the matter of the Cough that ascends upwards between the tunicks of the foresaid Oesophogus more glib or slippery So that we must not imagine that Syrups or other expectoratives do ad-advantage in Coughs by slipping down between the Epiglottis for as I instanced before that must necessarily occasion a greater Cough and difficulty of respiration Neither is' t probable they circulate about to the heart and Vena arteriosa to arrive to the Lungs for before that time their sweetness whereby they are supposed to lenifye a Cough and other virtues would be obtused and altered into other qualities or if we should admit that supposal they could not be thought to auxiliate the Cough in so short a space as they do Having now given you a divertisement in declaring the parts Mandant we are to proceed in illustrating whence the said salin and sulphurous productions receive their direction or first motion that renders them Anarrhopous not passing by to indigitate point at the parts Transmittent we 'll suppose the Spleen the chiefer of the two harths or parts Mandant and principally obstructed in its lower parts and Splenick branch whence a potent heat breaking forth causes the Orgasmus a swelling fermentation to boil or tend upwards or rather sublimes the forementioned calcined Salts through the Arteries up into the right Ventricle of the Heart where having passed another reverberation are propelled into the Lungs through the Vena arteriosa Moreover we must likewise allow a small commixture of Sulphur to the Salts which doth not only contribute a force to the calcination but a facility to the sublimation This fixed Vitriolat or sometimes Armoniac Salt being impelled into the pores of the Spongy flesh of the Lungs meets there with a serosity or waterish kind of moisture dissolving it immediately into an Oleum per Deliquium an oily liquor like other calcined Salts are apt to do when they arrive to any waterish moisture as being put in a Cellar or placed over warm water The salt now turned into a corrosive liquor or oil is rendered capable of penetrating piercing into the smallest and deepest pores of the Lungs whose flesh it soon dilacerates tares and gnaws into an Ulcer and not only so but being endued with a quality all other calcined Salts are as you may experience by holding Allom or Salt-peter in your mouth of attracting and raising fleam and moisture out of the Lungs and other parts adjacent doth continually incite the Lungs to avoid great quantities of spittle sleam and other sharp stinking matter by Cough Lastly the Stomach as it first sowed the Seeds of this evil so it continues likewise to foment them and act the part of another chief Mandant and in some it 's found to be sole and principal which as I expressed before being stuffed in its tunicks obstructed in the inserted Vessels and clogged round about with a weight of acrimonious humours doth likewise glow with a strong heat whereby the said salin accumulations gatherings or heaps are sublimed according to the length and direction of the intern and extern membranes of the Oesophagus or gullet to the brain by whose waterish moisture it 's likewise dissolved into an oleum per Deliquium or liquor like oil which through its attractiing and raising of liquor doth overwhelm the brain with sleam and moisture whence because of its weight and pricking it 's continually precipitated into the Lungs viz. according to the direction and longitude of the membranes down into the aspera arteria windpipe that is between its membranes not through the epyglott is the grisly cover of the windpipe for that would immediately set the patiented a Coughing Thus a ferin Catarrh happens which through its corrosive gnawing quality oft Ulcerates the Lungs especially if seconded by those Salin sublimations from the Spleen Neither is the Liver always excusable now and then transmitting a cinabrin Sulphur through the Vena cava to the Brain or Heart and thence to the Lungs being likewise generated by a reduplicated heat occasioned through the obstructions of its Capillars small veins like hairs and branches that tend to the Gall Bladder So that hereby the Spleen more frequently and principally next the Stomach than the Liver do demonstratively appear to the parts Mandant the Brain Heart Thymus Glandules of the Gullet and Tonsils the parts transmitting or only giving passage to the humours forced up thither from other parts Here you may take notice of a grand error among Practitioners opinionating the Brain the chief part Mandant when distempered with a cold humorous intemperament and distilling into the Lungs and of this finister sentiment are they so confidently possessed that they bent all their prescripts and devises to dry up this fountain of Rheum to which purpose Crato's Amber Pills Fonseca's Decoction of Sanders Erastus his Diet Drink of Guaiacum and Salsa absorbing Emplasters to be applied to the head Fontanels Issues Ven●oses Cupping-glasses Vesicatories Emplasters to draw Blasters and Phlebotomy opening a Vein are all summoned in as Herculean auxiliaries helps to dry the Brain but rather the purse Another opinion they are very fond of is that the internal part of the Aspera arteria windpipe is the part transmittent an absurdity every drop that goes down the wrong way will confute What other ridiculous tenants they foment touching Catarrhs were a shame to recite to such as know better things How the Vital and Animal faculties prove accidental occasions of this evil through their faintness whereby they are incapacitated of propelling those noxious offensive sublimates downwards is apodictically expressed in the beginning of the eight Thesis position and therefore we 'll supersede the needless pains of a repetition only we 'll add the positive concurrence of the Animal and Vital Spirits in directing and derivating drawing the foresaid sublimates to the heart and brain namely encountering with each annoying and pernicious effumations smokes are compelled to a retreat to their Spring head whither they do likewise conduct those Salin steams along with them The Recipient part is the Lungs who are partly passive in being forced to receive and partly active in attracting such corrosive Salts Their situation and connexion obliges them to receive the precipitates from the Brain Heart and Stomach their acts of expiration breathing out attract potently from the Veins Arteries and other parts as appears in those fuliginous sooty smokes and putrid steams they expire What doth further dispose them to a necessity of receiving those salts and other malign humours a repeated Survey of Chap. 22. will abundantly satisfy you The qualification requisite in the humour transmitted viz. the destilled liquor may easily be deduced from the premises namely a degree of acrimony wrought into a tartarous humour by calcination reaching at least to the ascent of a Vitriolat if not an Armoniac Salt By the way take this for none of the least important remarks that this liquor that 's produced out of the solution of a Vitriolat Salt sublimed to the Brain if accidently it should penetrate into the concave of the Nerves as it would easily do since consisting of a sharp salin thin insinuating substance were it not diverted by being precipitated into distillations it ordinarily causes Convulsions and Epilepsies the Falling Sickness The Second Third and Fifth Problems being all resolved in the contents of the solution of this fourth we 'll step over to the sixth Whether a Pulmonique Consumption never happeneth but upon spitting or coughing up blood Galen and his Cotemporaries did commonly observe Pulmonique Consumptions to follow a spitting of blood whence many of his Sectators do still persist in the same tenant not considering that what was usual in Galen's time may be less common now for Pulmonique Consumptions do as frequently appear among us here that are molested only with an acrimonious moist kind of Cough as those that have fallen into that evil upon spitting of blood happening upon a rapture or corrosion of a vein in the Lungs Besides my own sentiment I 'll insert the observations of Argenterius and Fernelius The former in his Comment 3. in Art Medic. Gal. gives a relation of four women that died all of exquisite Ulcerous Pulmonique Consumptions none whereof coughed up blood And Fernelius writes thus Some upon the spitting only of a liquid and yellowish humour being taken with a small Fever have begun to consume and a long time after did spit a little blood mixed with matter but I have likewise observed a many that died Consumptive in whom there was not not the least appearance of blood throughout their whole sickness Moreover observe there is an Ulcerous disposition of the Lungs and an Ulcer of the Lungs And both these may be appositely termed causes of a Pulmonique Consumption or Consumption of the Lungs By an Ulcerous disposition of the Lungs I intent a perfusion of acrimonious salin liquors such as I instanced before throughout the body of the Lungs insensibly drying gnawing and absorbing their flesh and likewise insensibly dissipating it into vapours and exhalations through the pores of the Parenchyma and ambient Membrane which latter though Galen denies to be pervious with a number of small holes is found to be so by Aristotle's and others experience Thus the Lungs of many deceased Consumptives have been discovered quite consumed nothing remaining but the ambient cirrounding Membrane skin and a number of withered veins and filaments threads without the precedence of spitting of blood or matter Moreover as I observed in Chap. 23. a Consumption of the Lungs may also arrive upon a scirrosity hard Apostems as At heroms Steotoms etc. putrefaction of humours within its pores and a crude tubercle or drying scorching fuliginous steams continually fuming from the heart without the least appearance of expectorated blood In this particular I remember one of our elderly Oxford Physicians proved disappointed of his Prognostics or rather Diagnosticks A Scholar applying himself to him for information whether he were in a Consumption was answered with a question whether he spitted blood whereat the Scholar replied negatively than said he 't is but a Ptisick Cough and I 'll warrant you from a Consumption though three months after he left a Skeleton behind him to witness what he died of The Seventh Eighth and Ninth Query you 'll find solved by what is declared already The Tenth is Whether an Hectic Fever be a cause of a Consumption or a symptom of the cause Symptom causae of a Consumption or a Symptom of the Consumption itself symptom symptomatis Certainly it 's a symptom of the cause and a fellow symptom with the Consumption of the entire body The Eleventh demand is Whether a Pulmonique Consumption may not happen without the concomitance of an Hectic Fever This I may safely conclude there is many a Pulmonique Consumption without the evident signs of an Hectic Fever viz. a sharp equal heat over the whole body a glowing of the extremities an hour or two after meat a quick low pulse etc. without which I can attest I have found several Consumptives though for what I knew there might very probably have been a latent hidden Hectic However for the most part there is a sensible Hectic attend Consumptives But out of this discourse there may be a very important question started Whether that Hectic Fever be a Morbus in esse a Disease already generated or a Morbus in fieri a Disease in engendering If we suppose it a Morbus in esse than though the Ulcer were dried up and cured the Hectic would remain as being a Fire kindled out of the Innate heat and Radical moisture into an actual flame and depending upon no fuel but its self which would continue burning until the radical moisture were burned away On the other hand if we consider it as a Morbus in fieri than it must have its dependence upon putulent steams dispersed from the heart together with the blood to the parts where arriving they cause a kind of heat and glowing in the substantial principles whereby they are set in fire until the purulent acrimonious steams are dissipated The symptoms make this appear very probable viz. a glowing heat being a new fermentation two hours after victuals excited through the appelling purulent corrosive steams transported thither with the blood 2. The Pulses confirm the same inference changing quick hot and acre biting to the touch at the advent coming of the foresaid steams and after a while when they are consumed and expelled by transpiration they return to a more moderate motion until the next flood of fermenting matter 3. Were this assertion not admitted that the foresaid Pulmonick Hectic is a Morbus in fleri than necessarily an Hectic once kindled would impel the patiented into a Marcour though the Ulcer in the Lungs were cicatrized the contrary whereof hath been discovered in several so that you may rest certain that the Ulcer being cured the Hectic vanishes with it Hence you may extract what I intent by an Hectic Fever namely the Innate heat kindled into a destructive fire violently absorbing the oily Radical moisture through the appulse of salin steams which through their contrariety to the Balsamic mixture excite a fervent fermentation in this latter like oil of Vitriol poured upon oil of tartar or water upon lime Lastly we 'll conclude Ulcers that succeed the bursting of a Vein in the Lungs and some others induced by other causes to depend for a considerable time before they can attain to that height of exciting an Hectic Fever for we cannot suppose the Heart to consist of so small a force as not to be able to resist those purulent fumes for a while and divert them from the other parts into whose Penetrails depth to insinuate some proportion of time must be allowed The Twelfth and last Interrogatory is Whether there be any other sort of true perfect exquisite or proper for those terms are reciprocately used by Authors Consumptions besides a Pulmonique Consumption This Query implies rather a controversy about words than the thing it self for if they resolve to term no other an exquisite or proper Consumption but a Consumption of the Lungs words being to be understood ex intentione imponent is from the intention of him that imposes the word then the case needs no debate but if the words are to be taken ex apprehensione intelligent is from the apprehension of those that understand or whom they are spoken to than the register of Consumptions will be much enlarged Now so it is that the common intendment states a proper Consumption a dissolution or corruption of the Balsamic principles and consequently if differencing perfect Consumptions by the variety of their causes and seats of those said causes we must infer many more as an Hypochondriack Amorous Ulcerous Cancerous Renal Dorsal and many other sorts of Consumptions before commented upon If probably I have not proposed resolves to these Queries that are enough seasoned for every Readers  I must beg his excuse upon pretence it 's but the first rough draft which upon a second attempt may be rendered better polished However such as they be they 'll prove a more luminous and sovereign Directory for the Conservative Preservative and Curative part of a Consumption than any hitherto offered to view CHAP. XXVII Of some less frequent and rarer causes of a Pulmonique and other sorts of Consumptions TO decline confusion of causes we have reserved these being of a more rare emergency for a particular remark This distinction of Consumptions is universally observed that some are moist others dry A moist Consumption receives its nomenclature name from a moist sputation spitting or expectoration that attends it a dry one is known by its dry Cough This latter besides the ordinary praecited causes is sometimes occasioned by various accidents of the Heart as Wounds Ulcers Bones Stones and Worms that are bred in it and particularly by a Marcour or a Hectic of the Heart which together with the Lungs as Melangthon witnesses lib. 1 de Anima were found to be as dry as a Baked Pear in the expired body of Casimir Marquéss of Brandenburg Thus likewise Telesius reports the heart and consequently the Lungs of a noble Roman dried away by an immoderate heat to nothing but the skin Fernelius in his Pathol. lib. 5. cap. 12. tells us of one that died Consumptive whose heart was afterwards discovered to be corroded into three large Ulcers the steams of whose matter must needs have infected the Lungs Bauhinus among his observations registers this following that he dissected a Corpse wherein he found the Lungs consumed the capacity of the breast to be full of putrid and concreased blood the Pericardium a skin wherein the heart lies enclosed as in a bag to contain above a quart of white matter pus and the heart extremely extenuated and consumed about the surface The symptoms that molested the party were a Cough a pain in his Breast difficulty of respiration and an Hectic Fever The Pericardium is likewise summoned by Petr. Salius de our Morb. c. 7. for an apparent cause of a Tabes or Marcour if anywise affected as suppose inflamed or pustulated This may seem strange that an ignoble part should bring the whole body in danger but then considering its near situation to the heart the cause is obvious enough whence to derive its Consumptive symptoms Some might rather imagine that the drying up of the waterish humours contained in the Pericardium supposed by most modern Anatomists to be distined for to moisten and cool the heart may now and then impel a man into a Consumption for want of which water the heart dries away and shrinks whereunto the other parts are obliged to sympathise But in my opinion it 's questionable whether any such waterish liquor be floating in the Pericardium whilst a man is yet living for in Beasts as Dogs or Cats whose breast hath been pierced alive to discover whether the said Membrane the heart is wrapped up in be moistened with that kind of serosity no such thing was deprehended in whom notwithstanding there appeared the same necessity for a cooler as in men whose languishing heart probably whilst a dying may seem faintly to sweat such kind of moist drops into its bag 2. There have been some that were born destitute of a Pericardium witness Columbus lib. 15. Anat. where he recites the Anatomy of a Scholar at Rome whom he found wanting of a Pericardium so Galen lib. 7. cap. 13. Administ Anat. doth likewise instance a Boy whose heart lay visible because the breast bone was part cut out and the Pericardium partly putrefyed A dry Consumption may likewise chance upon a Vomica or a tumour of humours turned into matter and enclosed in a bag whereby Authors would have it differenced from an Apostem in the Lungs which before it breaks causes a stertour or noise in the Throat in breathing and a very troublesome Asthma A Pulmonique Consumption doth sometimes happen upon a Varix or vein swelled in the Lungs which in length of time doth burst whence an effusion of blood and soon after a congestion of purulent matter Hypocrates in coac praed makes mention of a kind of suppuration that survenes Lethargies which doth commonly terminate into a Consumption viz. quicunque vero servantur ex Lethargicis ut plurimum suppurati fiunt those that recover of a Lethargy for the most part become suppurated But lib. 1. de Morb. he relates five kinds of Pectoral suppurations more that tend to the same period unless according to 15. Aphor. lib. 5. they expectorate the matter in 40. days viz. First there is a suppuration of fleam distilling from the head into the hallow of the breast The second follows a Pleurisy not expectorated The third happens upon the bursting of a vein in the breast The fourth upon a Phlegmatic Pleurisy The fifth succeeds a varix in the breast bursted or sweeting out per Diapedesin blood But those that are curious to be further satisfied touching the manner of Pectoral or Pulmonique suppurations let them peruse Hipp. lib. 1. de Morb. where he doth most incomparably illustrate that subject Here may be questioned Whether Phleam according to Hypocrates his dictate is suppurable or disposed to be converted into matter Pure Phleam certainly is not but being mixed with other humours is experienced to be suppurable Hypocrates lib. the Glandul describes a Sciatique Consumption Tabes coxendica Alius morbus oritur ex desluxione capit is per venas in Spinalem Medullam inde autem in Sacrum os impetum facit & in coxendicum acetabula sive juncturas deponit & si tabem fecerit homo marceseit atque hoc modo contabescit & vivere non expetit i e. Another Disease takes its beginning from a defluxion of the head through the Veins into the Marrow of the Back thence forceth to the os sacrum and expels to wit the distilled humour into the Hip joints The Lungs do sometimes though very rarely grow fast to the Pleura the skin that lines the breast within whence such as are detained with that accident are Lung-grown The symptoms attending are a heavy pain in the breast a difficulty of respiration breathing faintness etc. which continuing do advance their subjects to a Consumption This sort of Consumption might be annumerated to an Asthmatick Consumption as Mercatus and others are pleased to term it since the symptoms appear not different from those in an Asthma saving there is only a Cough wanting to make up the train The cause of this Lung-growth is imputed to a superficial sanious or ichorous exulceration whose matter being somewhat glutinous cleaves to the foresaid Pleura and dries up to it whereby it 's fastened The truth hereof is evidenced in the dissected bodies of those that were Lung-grown whose Lungs are ever found ichorous and mattery near the place of adhaesion witness the dissected bodies of Ferdinand the Emperor and Francis the French King whose Lungs according to the Testimonies of Gesner and Holtzach were not only deprehended fastened to the sides of the breast but in a great part putrefied and sanious But whether those filaments threads that serve in lieu of ligaments to tie the Lungs to the Pleura being shortened by a strain or imbibition of humours may not produce a Consumption seems not improbable an Asthma it 's certain they do and consequently may attract humours to the Lungs and prove an accidental cause of overheating and overdrying the heart for not expiring the fuliginous steams that issue thence and not inspiring fresh air sufficient to cool and moisten it on the other hand these said filaments being overmuch relaxed or broken do induce that accident which may be properly styled the Rising of the Lights Some other infrequent rare Consumptions may happen but such as scarce appear among ten thousand Consumptives and therefore shall forbear their insertion committing their narrow search to Physicians their proper industry CHAP. XXVIII Of the Procatarctick or external causes of Pulmonique Consumptions THose Procatarcticks that required a larger comment as love grief etc. we have discoursed of in particular Chapt. others that are limited in a narrower extent of speculation and particularly such as promote English Bodies beyond those of other Nations into Consumptions we intent to treat of here To begin with these latter it 's not improbable the causes must be inherent in those non naturals whose quality and our use of them differing from other Nations transport our bodies beyond theirs into extenuations and Marcours 1. We differ extremely from all others in our diet Flemings and Germans buy flesh meat by the pound and eat it by ounces we buy meat by whole joints and eat it by pounds 2. They usually boil and roast their meat until it falls almost off from the bones but we love it half raw with the blood trickling down from it delicately terming it the Gravy which in truth looks more like an ichorous or raw bloody matter 3. Flesh once a week is a variety to their great ones once a month a delicacy to their Burghers Citizen's and once a year a feast to the rabble and that at their Kermisses or Fairs only But their thriving diet the hogs has taught 'em viz. Cabbage Turnips Salates Buttermilk Whey etc. Which renders them alike not only in fatness but in manner of humour witness their Brawny Necks Fat Trype Guts and grunting hoggish deportments But here on the other hand great and small rabble and all must have their Bellies stuffed with flesh meat every day and on Sundays cram their guts up to the crop with pudding 4. Neither is the difference only in the eating part but drinking they overwhelming their paunch daily with a kind of flat Scarbier or Rotgut we with a bitter dreggish small liquor that savours of little else than hops and muddy water The wine they so much debauch themselves with is a kind of crude dull stumd Bordeaux we with Canary Thus we have paralleled the diets of two Nations in order to a further examination of their different effects rendering those of a squabbish lardy habit of body us of a thinner though more fleshy appearance and some who by their stronger natures exercise or labour are equally matched to digest and subdue that mass of flesh they daily devour acquire a double strength to what those Hermits receive from their Herbage But since we experience that sort of feeding doth scarce improve our carcases beyond a lean habit and the contrary diet to stuff the hides of our Neighbours with a large proportion of Grease and Tallow gives us argument to impute to it a great part of the occasion that inclines us so much to Consumptions we 'll insist a little further upon the matter first touching our so greedy devouring of flesh especially Beef and Mutton whereof there is a greater quantity consumed in England than in all Spain France Holland Zealand and Flanders as I can demonstratively make appear to you by this sole instance you 'll grant there are more gloves worn here then in all Holland Zealand and Flanders besides for from the highest to the lowest they usually go with their hands in their Pockets in the Summer and in the Winter hold 'em to their Noses to blow 'em warm Next we wear out more Shoes here by two thirds than all France where it 's universally known the paysantry goes barefoot and the middle sort throughout all that Kingdom makes use of Wooden Clogs Now this considered that notwithstanding the great number of gloves and shoes worn out here besides millions of pairs that are transported hence to the Barbadoes Virginia and many other Plantations we abound so much with Hides Gloves Sheep's and Neat's Leather that we furnish the better part of all Christendom with them which is a certain sign there must be an incredible number of Sheep and Oxen killed whose flesh since we make no foreign Merchandise of saving only of their Skins and Hides must necessarily be all consumed among us But to declare to you the great mischiefs which is my chief business this flesh greediness heaps upon us a Plethory fullness of blood both ad vasa and vires is the first and immediate effect the next a Plethora ad vasa an over fullness of the Veins and Arteries with blood doth easily upon a small commotion or heat of body fall or other accidents burst a Vein in the Lungs whereupon commonly follows an Ulcer and soon after a Pulmonique Consumption Moreover note that a Plethory produced by immoderate eating of flesh is more impetuous and turgent and therefore so much disposed to burst a Vein whereas any other Plethory engendered of Fish Milk or Herbs being less turgent and diluted with waterish humours seldom swells to that height The Plethora ad vires a fullness of blood that oppresses the strength is the evident cause that renders us universally lean by suppressing our spirits and hebetating dulling their vigour whereby they are not only incapacitated of digesting the alimonious humours into flesh but of attracting blood to the parts to nourish them which defect reduces the body to a leanness and if continued to a Consumption Lastly know that flesh meat being so nutritive and likewise hard of digesture doth abound with the most and worst dregs of any other kind of meat especially if not totally digested as seldom it is by those that glut down such immeasurable proportions of flesh These dregs immediately perfuse the blood with melancholy cause obstructions of the Spleen and Liver and stick in the capillar insertions of the Stomach being soon incinerated and calcined into such Salts as we premitted in the preceding Chapter which after a short interlapse of time produce Coughs Ptisicks and at last a Pulmonique Consumption For a further proof hereof we 'll add a dictate or two of Hypocrates lib. de veter Med. he saith that Meat eaten in greater quantity than what is convenient tabefyes consumes the body And lib. de loc in homine he speaks thus If the body conquers the meat it eats it flourishes but if it be overcome and yields the body grows lean Now let 's pass to the other part of your Diet that so much admired Mistress of your fond Palates Canary to whose debauchery a far greater number of Murders may be imputed than to the fury of the Sword What malignant Fevers Dysenteries pernicious Consumptions doth it impel English bodies into Sack drinkers that sometimes have over ballasted their paunch with that liquor do by their beastly return of it present their Spectators with a view what a most filthy corrosive greenish oil it 's converted into by the preternatural heat of their Stomach which in length of time being congested in some considerable quantity and floating in a violent stream through the Vessels is the cause of so many malign Fevers as generally reign here towards the latter end of the Summer This is the the account of its acute quick and violent effects it 's Chronical of a longer protraction one's are a vehement drying and inflammation of the bowels and humours whereby great and obstinate obstructions are engendered by drying away and absorbing the subtler and more waterish part of the humours and leaving the grosser behind which soon turns to an adust melancholy the further effects whereof have been sufficiently declared already Neither are the meaner sort of people destitute of their Ambrosia who must needs every day after Sunset bestow three pence out of their groat in Strong Beer a liquor that attributes the better half of its ill qualities to the Hops being an inland drug conconsisting of an acrimonious fiery nature setting the blood upon the least Cacochymy vicious humours into an Orgasmus a violent working by an ill ferment it yields to the Stomach Liver and Spleen which doth likewise render the humours fiery adust and melancholic Small Beer though it partakes less of the Hops yet according to their proportion corresponds in offensive and insalubrious unwholesome qualities whence we may observe that Patients in Fevers and many other distempers receive a sensible prejudice from that rotgut though the quantity of Hops be less by the foresaid Orgasmus it excites By this you may judge since small Beer at the best proves so unwholesome a drink what it doth at worst perhaps being brewed with a thick muddy and clayish water which the Brewers covet the rather because of adding a body or substance to the drink which the dead remainder and small quantity of Malt can in no wise contribute to it now to give a strong taste to this dreggish liquor they fling in an incredible deal of Broom or Hops whereby small beer is rendered equal in mischief to strong The third Endemick cause whence we derive our extenuating diseases is the Air which as I have expressed to you before in Chapt. o. obtains a more particular and immediate power from its continual commerce with our Lungs and Vital spirits of committing violence upon them and the Vitals There is none who hath traversed the least tract of ground beyond his native Soil but can attest the strange alterations the Air produces upon bodies especially if diseased The Air o' th' Alps subjects the Inhabitants there to distillations to their throat which congested do in a short space swell into a huge mole the Indian Air disposes Northern bodies to Dysenteries the Spanish Air engenders the King's evil that of Milan a blindness where I remember I took notice of several blind folks but whether the Air of that place had produced that accident in them or whether they came from other places thither to be cured by stroking their eyelids over Saint Antonio di Padua's Tomb by which means great numbers as they told me have been reduced to their perfect sights I inquired not The Air at Rome is likewise very pernicious especially all the Summer at which time as I was informed there no person will hazard to travel towards Naples for fear of incurring that dangerous frenzy and burning Fever which the change of Air unavoidably brings upon them especially upon those that return from Naples to Rome among whom scarce one in a hundred escapes though they use the extremest remedies as actual cauteries and scarifications for their recovery What calamitous effects the Air of this City wrought upon us the last year you may read in my Discourse of the Plague In fine there 's no cause of questioning but that the Air doth evidently concur to the production of several Diseases and particularly of this English Endemick but through what means or disposition it 's that I am about to illustrate to you The situation of this Island is such as disposes it to a continual clowdiness which in the Summer renders the Air cooler and in the Winter warmer The matter whereout those perennal clouds are raised is the Sea that cirrounds us which clouds so attracted the westerly winds blowing three fourth's of the year do continually blow upon us in lieu whereof if eastern winds did perflate our clime more frequently would not only blow away those misty clouds but exceedingly clarify and refresh our Air. These clouds as they are raised out of the Sea so they still partake of the salin saltish bodies they drew up with them thence which descending upon us by degrees and being perfused through the Air do through their salin acrimony corrode our weak Lungs and with their thick foggy substance obstruct the Bronchia Pulmonum or Lung-pipes This Pulmonique indisposition of the Air is very much heightened in great Cities especially where a great quantity of Sea-coal is burned as here in London where the number of Brew-houses Cooks and Smith's Shops besides all other Private houses Brick and Lime Kills about the City makes smoke that at a distance London appears in a morning as if it were drowned in a black cloud and all the day after smothered with a smoky fog the consequence whereo● proves very offensive to the Lungs in two respects 1. By means of those Sulphurous coal smokes the Lungs are as it were stifled and extremely oppressed whereby they are forced to inspire and expire the Air with difficulty in comparison to the facility inspiring and expiring the Air in the Country as people immediately perceive upon their change of Air which difficulty oppression and stopping must needs at length waste the Lungs and weaken them in the function 2. Those fuliginous smokes partly consisting of salin corrosive steams seem to partake of the nature of Salt armoniac whereby they gnaw and in time Ulcerate the tender substance and small veins of the Lungs That coal smoke is of so corrosive a quality is easily experienced by those that are beset with smoke in a room whose eyes it bites and gnaws that it forceth 'em to water and by pricking their Throat and Lungs puts them into a dry Cough These salin corrosive steams are very much intended by the addition of those that exhale from Houses of Office Pissing places and other nasty stinks and fumes great Cities are ever pestered with Another great cause of the frequency of Consumptions among us and especially about the City is a continuated descent of weak Pulmonique Children from Consumptive Parents who propagate and transfuse their Pulmonique Seminaries to their whole subsequent generation which occasions so many hundreds to drop hence every year to the Country for fresh air Hitherto we have insisted upon those causes that effect Consumptions Endemick to this Island there remains a citation of such others as indifferently may produce that malady in any other Country Immoderate feeding upon Powdered Beef Bacon Salt Fish Pickled Meats Anchiovi and debauching with Brandy Sack and other strong Wines and Spirits do inflame and acuate the blood whereby it 's capacitated to corrode the tender veins of the Lungs whereupon follows spitting and coughing up of blood A fall and according to Hypocrates lib. 2. de Morb. vehement exercise or labour violent vomiting a blow upon the breast calling a loud do oftimes occasion a vein to burst in the Lungs Catching cold on the breast by going cool in the morning or evening as many do by leaving their Doublets unbuttoned or women by running up and down in their Smock sleeves or lying naked with their breast in the night doth impel the blood suddenly into the Lung-veins whereby being overfilled burst into an effusion of blood Those that are naturally destitute or have lost their Uuula  are likewise very incident into a rapture of a Lung vein in admitting the cold air without that previous alteration the Columella  contributed by hindering the cold air to irrupt suddenly into the Lungs The eating of a Sea hare is thought to corrode the Lungs by a Specific property Pliny lib. 7. 2. writes that there is a certain people in Aethiopia whose sweat precipitates any into a Consumption whom it touches Consumptions do frequently arrive upon a sudden suppression of the Haemorrhoids piles witness Hypocrates 6. Aph. 12. If upon curing of Haemorrhoids that have ran long you don't leave one there is danger of a Dropsy or Consumption because nature was wont to evacuate its burden of vicious Melancholic and Choleric blood out at those veins which passage being stopped it 's forced to regurgitate upwards to the Lungs the like happens upon the stoppage of women's courses which if not suddenly looked to sets them undoubtedly into a Consumption Dropsy or some other dangerous Disease as Hypocrates lib. 2 de Morb. also observes viz. Si virgo ex suppressione mensium in tabem deveniat etc. What constitution of the year is most like to engender Consumptions Hip. tells us First for moist Consumptions that survene distillations of sharp putrid fleam a moist and southerly Autumn upon a dry and Northern Summer is apt to produce them 3. Aphor. 13. Secondly dry Consumptions generally appear upon a long continuation of hot and dry weather 2. Aphor. 16. per squalores vero tabes etc. The season or time of year for Consumptions is the Autumn 3. Aphor. Autumno invadunt Febres Hydropes tabes etc. CHAP. XXIX Of the Signs of a beginning or growing Consumption THe surest cure for a Pulmonique Consumption is to prevent it in those that are naturally inclined to that evil or have but lately conceived the Seeds of it and are just a budding But because the preventive part is frequently neglected upon hopes of waring it out or by changing the air or for want of knowing the state they are in which to discern in the commencement is difficult even to Physicians themselves who are not seldom mistaken in that point the impending danger where of requires a mature caution I shall delineate such natural and adventitious dispositions as appear suspicious 1. To descend from Phthisical Parents or such as were Pulmonique that is affected with any kind of trouble in their Lungs be it a Cough difficulty of breathing Asthma or a Pulmonique Consumption is a great argument since it 's observed that Consumptions prove so hereditary and that sometimes in a strange manner viz. some deriving their extenuating Diseases from their Grandfather though their immediate Parents did not seem troubled with the least kind of distemper in their Lungs The reason is because those hereditary seeds remained dormant in their Parents and never were reduced in actum which never the less were transfused into their Children in whom they might be raised to growth 2. Brothers or Sisters taking their passage through that Disease to their Graves leave an ill omen to the remainder of their kin 3. Whom nature hath shaped with a great head long neck narrow breast and shoulders sticking out like wings and a lean habit of body seem very much inclined to a Consumption 4. Such as are subject to thin sharp Coughs itching of the Eyes a tickling in their Throat pains of their Sides and do not thrive upon a good diet are prepared for a Consumption 5. To omit letting blood at certain seasons that the body is accustomed to or to escape bleeding at the Nose or avoiding blood by the Haemorrhoids if usual or for women to be obstructed in their courses argues danger 6. Especially at the fall and in persons aged from Eighteen to Thirty five years 7. To be apt to spit blood oft though it distils from the head or is expressed out of the terminations of veins in the Throat signifies a Phthisical inclination & is dangerous because it 's a sign the blood is sharp and thin and may upon a small provocation vent its fury upon the Lung veins 8. And lastly any of the Procatarcktick causes mentioned in the Chapter preceding or the beginning of this Treatise or any other Disease producing a durable leanness and dryness of body with a short dry or moist Cough portends an ill consequence as you may observe out of Hipp. 2. Aph. 3. in all Diseases its better for the belly to be thick on the contrary when the belly is very thin and very much consumed it 's dangerous CHAP. XXX Of Signs Diagnostic and Prognostic of the several kinds of spitting of Blood SInce spitting of blood haimoptysis doth so frequently forerun Ulcers in the Lungs it 's requisite I should tell you what kind of spitting of blood forespeaks danger of a Consumption Wherefore know that blood evacuated at the mouth with the spittle may either distil from the brain or  or be expressed out of the Throat or Gullet or forced out of the Stomach Breast Mediastinum Diaphragma Lungs or Windpipe Among these blood forced out of the Lungs gives the worst appearance and doth seldom vanish without leaving an Ulcer behind it Moreover there is a very considerable difference in respect of danger in blood that issues out of the Lung veins which are apt to shed their humours upon these four occasions 1. Upon a rapture or bursting among the Greeks called 2. Upon the corrosion of a vein that is when it 's eaten through by sharp gnawing blood in Greek termed 3. A vein gaping or its lips being forced open by a Plethory is apt to effuse a quantity of blood in Greek called 4. When the Tunicks of the veins are grown thin and the blood is likewise rendered subtle and piercing it 's apt to sweat through which is nominated a This latter is oft cured and therefore of a more hopeful aspect but the two former for the most part contemn all remedies The bursting or corrosion of a Vein in the Pleura succeeds these former in a malicious Omen Any of these bloody sputations being too suddenly cured oft changes into a tragic Scene The like happens upon external applications of restringent medicines to the breast or in case internal restrictives be exhibited without dissolvents to dissolve the crumbs of blood that usually concrease out of the extravasated humours which otherwise would occasion a suffocation A bloody sputation whether proceeding from the Lungs or Stomach intimates less danger in Women whose obstructed courses were the cause of it because these being carried down do seldom miss a cure of the former as Hypocrates doth likewise aphoristically tell us A Woman vomiting blood her courses breaking forth puts a stop to her vomiting but this is to be understood in case a Vein gapes or is forced open by a Plethory not if a Vein be bursted or corroded The same reason holds good in men surprised with a sanguine sputation upon a sudden cohibition of their Haemorrhoids which being recalled do frequently stint the other Symptom but if their Haemorrhoids have disappeared for a considerable time than such a sputation survening upon it proves more perilous than otherwise Spitting of blood is more curable in Plethoricks and young folks than in others of a thinner habit of body and old people because as Hypocrates implies in 2. Aph. 34. They are less endangered in Diseases whose Disease suits with their nature age and habit of body and time than those whose Disease is in no part agreeable In summa any kind of spitting of blood imports a very discriminous state unless it happens as I said before upon the gaping of a Vein or being opened but not bursted or corroded by a Plethory in which case it 's a great help to nature being over burdened with blood and it usually stops of itself Thus I have known several women vomit up great quantities of blood possibly a pint or two without any prejudice Some I have heard of that have coughed up a quantity not much less no kind of detriment following upon it A Vein bursted or corroded in the Lungs is looked upon to be for the most part incurable though some do escape because of the continual motion and Coughing of the Lungs taring the gap wider and hindering the conglutination and cicatrisation of the vein besides their remote distance from the Stomach the virtues of Medicines being quite spent before they can arrive thither Spitting of blood being complicated with other chronical Diseases as great obstructions of the Bowels Asthma etc. is rendered less capable of cure than otherwise A varix or a swelled vein in the Lungs doth oft a good while after burst out into a sudden spitting of blood the patiented not dreaming of the least Disease his body should be subjected to for the Lungs being insensible within cannot advert him of any tumour or swelling This accident usually happens when a man hath had a fall or bruise upon his breast whereby the grosser part of the blood was suddenly impelled into a Vein of the Lungs where it causes that swelling which possibly may burst a month or six weeks after for want of taking something at the beginning to dissolve the impulsed blood A broken Vein conglutinated or a corroded one cicatrized is very apt upon a small irritation as a cough vomit fall etc. to burst again or return to an Ulcer because the cicatrise or agglutination is performed by a dissolvable or sometime friable kind of humour that 's easily colliquated or rend asunder by the continual motion of the Lungs and especially if rendered violent by a Cough or other accident Wherefore persons that have been so indisposed aught to refrain from taking Vomits or moving their bodies violently & timely to remedy any kind of Cough or other Pulmonique Diseases We have given you a large comment of the Prognostics of spitting blood the remainder of this Chapter we 'll employ in the Diagnosticks Blood that 's evacuated from the Lungs is forced up with a Cough without any pain and if a Lung-vein be bursted generally at the first gush a great quantity is coughed up which afterwards comes up in smaller proportions The blood that 's evacuated at first appears thin pure and florid with a little yellowish froth upon it that which is afterwards evacuated shows paler and watered with a few bubbles on it at last it 's expectorated mixed with fleam That which sweats through the veins comes up diluted pale and watered in small quantities mixed with fleam spittle or some of the serum of the blood If a Lung Vein be corroded the blood at first comes up in a smaller quantity afterwards in fuller streams Physicians do vary much in the colour of Pulmonique blood that 's evacuated some will have it a purple others a florid yellow or natural red As to that Lung-blood generally appears somewhat lighter than a natural red because it 's conceived to be rendered more aereous by the Lungs Nevertheless it varies according to the constitution of bodies for in some it may be purple in others yellow or red Another dispute that 's moved among Authors is whether Lung-blood is always evacuated with a Scum or froth upon it according to Hippoc. 5. Aph. 13. Those that spit out frothy blood with coughing it comes from the Lungs For to decide this controversy you must note there is a fourfold substance concurring to the constitution of the Lungs 1. The Grisly substance of the Lung-pipes 2. The tough substance of the Ligaments that tie the great Vessels to the Lungs and join the pipes together 3. The Parenchyma or flesh of the Lungs 4. That which the small veins and arteries consist of This considered observe that the blood that 's evacuated out of the pores of the corroded Parenc of the Lungs is ever frothy because it 's forced through a number of small holes or pores in the Lungs whereby it 's rarefyed and rendered frothy But the blood that 's cast out of the greater Vessels is not always thoroughly frothy but only a top which is caused by its being mingled with the Air in the coughing it up and for that reason blood that 's vomited up may also appear frothy as Hypocrates lib. de Coacis tells us those that spit up vomit up frothy blood and are troubled with their right side they spit it from the Liver and commonly die Thus likewise we see that blood evacuated in a Dysentery is frothy a top So Avicen doth witness the blood to be frothy that 's propeled out of a Vein of the Breast and Paulus writes the blood out of the Throat to be frothy Last of all you must distinguish between pure blood which usually is expectorated less frothy than that which is mixed with windy fleam and melancholy or only windiness This simple bloody sputation of the Lungs is differenced from that which concomitates a pleurisy or a Peripneumonia inflammation of the Lungs because these two latter are ever painful to wit a pleurisy is attended with a stitch the other with a heavy pain of the breast besides other Diagnostic symptoms whereas a simple blood spitting arrives without any pain or fever Blood that 's cast out of the throat or windpipe is spit out with a hawking or a small cough and that in small quantities or streaks that out of the Gums is spit out without hawking coughing or vomiting that out of the breast is expelled with a difficult cough and shows lived and full of crumbs but blood that distils from the head since it may be ejected by cough vomit hawking or spiting may easily delude both Patient and Physician unless there be a narrow inspection made for sometimes a small vein bursting in the head will trickle down but with a tickling in the Throat in great streams into the windpipe or stomach whence it 's returned by cough or vomit the usual way to find out the spring of this flood is to cause the Patient to gargoyle twice or thrice a sharp Oxycrate which will either stop the cough or appear with a deep tincture Another way for trial is that the Patient is to hold his mouth full of water and blow his Nose hard by which means if there be a vein burst in the head some blood will come forth at the Nostrils Moreover the Physician is to inquire into the Procatarctick causes whether the party be troubled with a Headache or hath had a fall or taken cold and is enrheumed or the face be high coloured Blood that 's ejected by vomit no doubt but comes out of the Stomach-veins but whether it be blood that 's destined for its nourishment or whether sent from the Spleen or Liver & effused into the Stomach through the Splenick branch or Gastrick vein is also nicely searched into by Practic Authors If the evacuated blood be florid its Stomach-blood if black and in great quantity it 's Splenetic if red and copious it 's Hepatick Moreover if the blood be Splenetic signs appear of an affected Spleen if Hepatick of the Liver CHAP. XXXI Of the Diagnostic signs of a confirmed Consumptionof the Lungs YOu must appeal to your memory to have read in the foregoing part of this Treatise the distinction of Proper and Improper Consumptions this latter we have diffected into its several kinds among which I am only to tell you that an Improper Pulmonique Consumption is deciphered with nothing but a kind of a Pulmonique Disease be it a Cough Dyspnaea Asthma etc. and a discernible wasting of the flesh protracted to some continuance which doth certainly menace the sudden consequence of a Proper Ulcerous Pulmonique Consumption As to the evidencing a confirmed Consumption of the Lungs the signs are these 1. There is an old Cough contracted possibly at the latter end of the fall or in the winter or the first approach of the Spring and continuing for three six or nine months without spitting blood the whole time 2. Observe that such a cough that proves so durable doth not always continue at the same stand but is far more urgent sometimes than othersome and somewhiles again returns to that remission that it seems to be quite gone until the patiented relapses of his own accord without any provocation of an external cause or error into the same or rather worse state than before 3. The matter expectorated is thick tough glewy frothy uneven bubbly graish or thin liquid crude or thin and mixed with thick clotty bluish yellow greenish or blackish fleam or streaks only 4. A difficulty of breathing with a kind of a whiesing noise 5. Violent stitches up and down the breast and back below the shoulders which for a while are movable afterwards fix either under the shoulders or paps which then give a strong presumption of a confirmed Phthisis 6. The face looks deadish and livid with a dark bluish or brown circle about the under eyelids the eyes appear hollow flat and shrunk without their natural gloss 7. All this while the appetit is wanting and is bend to nothing more than to a draught of stolen strong Beer though that be as bad as rots-bane for 'em and this is a very usual attendant 8. The body is sometimes lose and sometimes bound or in some its generally lose and in others contrary 9 They sleep unquietly and disturbed with fiery or melancholic dreams and feel hot and glowing at their waking being likewise much disposed to sweat about their breast neck and head Their limbs do oft feel sore and weary For the most part they are drowsy and lumpish all day By this time an Hectic Fever gins to show itself by a quick soft low and unequal pulse a small glowing of the palms of the hands and feet after meat etc. This is the first degree of a confirmed Pulmonique Consumption from which the second degree differs in the intention of the forementioned Symptoms namely 1. The Cough sounds more hollow and deep continues longer before any matter is brought up and is more urgent in the night than the day 2. The humours or fleam that are expectorated are turned into a thick matter pus 3. The body is consumed to nothing but skin and bones the flesh of the Muscles being withered into dry tough strings the skin feeling rough and dry like Leather And the face changed into an Hippocratean visage otherwise called a Mortiferous face and deciphered 1. progn 7. viz. a sharp Nose hollow Eyes the Temples fallen and retched the Ears cold and contracted and their fibres turned the skin about the forehead hard retched and shrunk the colour of the Face is Greenish or Blackish 4. At this degree the Legs and Belly usually swell and sometimes burst out at the toes into a water 5. The appetit is quite lost 6. A sensible Hectic Fever ever growing higher in the night then in the day because the cold of the night stops the pores it 's known by a quick hard low uneven in motion and fortitude Acre or stinging Pulse and a glowing heat of their body an hour or two after Victuals 7. It 's ordinary for Consumptives in this degreeto entertain their visiters with strange rambling discourses of their intent of going here and there or doing this and that as if they did in no wise expect to change their dwellings into a grave 8. They are extremely fretful and peevish never well at rest but always calling for this or that or changing their seats or posture of lying or sitting 9 They are incident to Convulsions in their Necks and Gripes in their Bellies 10. They are very subject to Nocturnal pollutions or evacuations of the Sperm without Fancy the reason whereof Aristotle gives 5. Probl. 53. because sharp colliquations falling to the spermatick parts excite the excretive faculty 11. Aristotle among his Problems doth likewise write that Consumptives are very apt to breed Lice which probably are engendered out of their clammy sweat by a putredinal heat that attends them 12. Their Cheeks appear oft of a rosy red colour especially after meat 13. At last they spit out pieces of their Lungs it may be small grisly bits that are eaten off from the Lung pipes or small light uneven pieces of spongy flesh 14. If you desire a particular remark whereby to know which of the parts are most apt to consume first that so you may be forewarned in time I 'll resolve you A Consumption is not where so visible as at the finger's ends whose flesh commonly shrinks before any other part of the body and that for two reasons 1. Because it 's the finest tenderest and most delicate kind of flesh consisting of a most exact temperature whereby it 's the better disposed for the touch no part of the body feeling so exactly which tender consistence renders it the more colliquable and consumptive 2. Because the heat of the body reflecting at the finger's ends redoubles and is more intense than in any other part as doth more evidently appear in Fevers The last and third degree foretell the nearness of their fate which for the most part follows within three or four days upon the appearance of these signs which Hypocrates doth orderly digest in 5 Aphor. 14. and 7. Aphor. 72. After the evacuating of blood upwards follow a Tabes an exquisite Consumption and evacuation of matter upwards after a Tabes a defluxion from the head after a defluxion a looseness and a stoppage of the expectoration and after the stoppage death To be more particular 1. There is a looseness whereby the matter that should be evacuated upwards by Cough is drawn downwards or rather fixed in the Lungs not only so but the Spirits that should actuate the Lungs in the expectoration are consumed dispersed and drawn downwards whereby the Lungs are rendered unable of Coughing up the purulent matter which remaining causes a stoppage that doth suddenly choke the heart 2. A shedding of the hair is another fatal sign happening only at last when the body is quite dried up and contains not so much excrementitious moisture as to nourish the hair read 5. Aphor. 12. Quibuscunque tabidis capilli fluunt etc. 3. A stinking breath a sign the purulent matter is affected with the worst degree of putrefaction the immediate effect whereof is a faetor or stink 4. The Nails of the Fingers and Toes bending or turning crooked like the claws of a Beast This arrives because the flesh underneath is consumed whereupon they are dried into a crooked round shape like horns that bent crooked by being over dried by lying in the Sun or before the Fire 4. Frequent sweats especially on their breast 5. Rhases lib. 4. Con. writes that Consumptives when they are near death grow light headed This sign holds true in some but not in others many dying with their perfect understanding and memory Yet this is frequent that their sight grows dim and therefore can not see at that distance they could before which makes them oft imagine they see strange things which they don't Their hearing is also grown very dull upon a sudden for otherwise Consumptives in the first and second degree have a very sharp hearing 6. their voice is very hoarse 7. The spittle of Consumptives being poured upon burning coals stinks very strong 5. Aphor. 11. Cum tabi implicitis quod tussiendo excluditur sputum graviter oleat dum carbonibus ardentibus infunditur capillique defluant funestum 8. they fetch their breath at last very easily yet not without the sense of a great clog at their Stomach and a whiesing or whistling in their Windpipe 9 Their Pulse is intermittent every sixth or eighth Pulsation in others its caprizans myurus or formicans 10. Their Feet and Legs die first which commonly are cold and dead a quarter of an hour or more before the other parts Thus we have delineated the whole History of a Consumption that absolves its course without spitting of blood There remains only an observation or two upon that which is attended with a bloody sputation which either happens at the beginning whereupon necessarily follows the spitting of matter according to that Aphorism Post sanguinis sputum pur is sputum etc. Whether the matter expectorated be fleam or pus matter that 's bred in an ulcer is known by stirring it with a stick if it be fleam it will cleave and stick if pus it will divide and separate or thus being dropped into a Bazon of Salt-water if it descends to the bottom in a grayish powder like flower it 's purulent matter if it swims its ' a fleam if it partly swims and partly sinks it 's a mixed substance If the Ulcer in the Lungs be deep in the Parenchyma it 's discovered by a hard Cough and if almost reaching to the Ambient Membrane then there is a sore kind of pain with a hard cough but if the cough be painful and the matter comes up easy it 's a sign the Ulcer is in the windpipe as the expectorated cartilaginous particles do further declare The Patient having for a while coughed up purulent matter is ever and anon upon a fit of coughing fretting or anger or any other commotion of humours apt to expectorate small quantities of diluted blood with fleam we 'll put an Epilogue to this Chapter inserting only the signs of matter expectorated through the Lungs from a suppuration of the breast The proper signs of a suppuration are comprehensively mentioned by Hypocrates lib. de coac praenot 49. Those that are grown suppurated especially upon a Pleurisy and Peripneumonia which is also to be supposed upon a squinsy the suppuration whereof is more dangerous than any other are troubled with small heats in the day but violent in the night and do spit nothing out that is worth taking notice of they sweat about the neck and shouldors and their eyes grow hollow and their cheeks are red but the extremities of their fingers are worse hot and rough Their Nails are turned crooked and grow cold and there arise tumors about their legs and pustules about their bodies they have an aversion from Victuals Besides these 1. there preceded a distillation of Rheum from their head or a Pleurisy squinsy or Inflammation of the Lungs 2. A Fever according to 2. Aphor. 47. Whilst matter is engendering pains and fevers arise etc. 3. Beating or aching pains 4. Great shiverings and difficulty of breathing near the time of the tumour breaking which being broke the Fever and pains abate and the matter if not expectorated is propelled into the capacity of the breast where upon the Patients stirring or turning himself a-bed from one side to another it makes a fluctuating kind of noise like the ●umbling of water in a Cask After a while it corrodes the ambient membrane of the Lungs and is expectorated with a hard deep or hollow cough CHAP. XXXII Of the Prognostics of a Pulmoniqne Consumption AS the kinds of Pulmonique Consumptions are various so are their Prognostics wherefore we must instance these latter in the connumeration of the former First touching the Sex and Ages a Consumption is harboured in Children caeteris paribus are more frequently cured than those of riper years next Women who as they are less disposed to the surprise of Consumptions by reason of their courses carrying those acrimonious humours away before they can attain to make any head so for the same reason their cure when at any time illapsed into that Disease is easier performed than in men among whom old men that are Consumptive are the least capable of help because naturally they abound so much with salt fleam that heightens and irritates the continent cause of their malady Before we deviate from this particular of the Sex take in this observation that women whilst a breeding are now and then alarumed at the second month with Consumptive symptoms that are caused through the return of their courses being intercepted to their Lungs Among these many die tabefyed before the full expiration of their time others that have the good fortune of miscarrying or being delivered escape by means of their floods revelling the humours from their Lungs Some again through their straining pressing impatient cries and commotion of their bodies at the time of their labour do sometimes break a vein in their Lungs or Breast or cause a varix or corrosion of a Vein whereupon a Consumption following speaks a very hazardous case or if a Consumption surprises a Childbed woman that hath not been well laid or hath not been well purged after delivery foretells an equal danger The procatarctick causes render the Disease more or less curable a Consumption of grief as it moves more slowly than others so its malign effects are impressed with a more certain and  force wherefore unless prevented in the bud takes an ineradicable root Next hereunto for obstinacy of cure are an Hypochondriack Amorous and a Studious Consumption As for a Cachectick and Aguish Consumption they admit usually of an easier cure than others A Poisonous Ulcerous Renal Dorsal Verminous Bewitched Dolorous Apostematick and Pocky Consumptions are more or less curable or incurable according to the Age Sex Climate Season of the year Habit Temperament Part affected Duration and other ill symptoms attending the Disease Having but cursorily proposed to you a declaration of the presages of Bastard Consumptions we 'll employ the more time and paper in relating the Prognostic signs of Pulmonique Consumptions according to the several degrees observed in the preceding Chapter A Consumption of the Lungs in the beginning is very curable but herein differs from all other curable Diseases that it 's not to be worn away by change of diet or moderate exercise of body or a cheerful spirit whereby many other maladies have been dislodged but in stead of being demulced by counterpoising preservatives of the Patient goes on its way until it hath made an absolute conquest of the body and notwithstanding though remedies be used at its first appearance unless they are prescribed by a dexterous hand so as to hit the humour of the Disease and temperament of the Patient like a Cancer is rather irritated and eats deeper into the parts So that Consumptives though their case appears not with so discriminous an aspect ought not only to be solicitous for remedies against their evil but to be assured of their skill that apply 'em for a fault committed in the cure at first admits of no appeal afterwards The first degree of a Pulmonique Consumption implies a difficult and long cure and may easily upon neglect of the patiented or usage of improper Medicines be rendered incurable The second degree is formidable and but few of this rank recover and many more are turned over into the Empirics pit However we 'll add some notes out of Hypocrates to discern the curables from the incurables 1. Their spittle must be tried if it stinks being poured upon the coals or sinks as it 's cast into a Basin of salt water or being spit upon the ground if it shows with round clear specks like glass spectacles signifies a desperate and irrecoverable condition The like presage read in a grey blue yellow green black mixed and uneven spittle Take a survey of Aret. lib. the sig & cause Morb. diut cap. 8. If on the other hand the spittle appears first sanious afterwards mattery white smooth even and without stink there 's some hopes 2. If the Patient be free from a putrid Fever that increases in the night is another hopeful sign 3. They must be free from drought which confirms the absense of a putrid Fever otherways frequently affecting Consumptives in the beginning and first degree 4. The flood of humours that used to distil into the Lungs must be diverted or rather derivated through the Nostrils 5. It 's also supposed the party be not reduced to the greatest extenuation 6. His ordure must be rather hard than soft for a looseness is generally very prejudicial 7. It 's required the Party should have a square fleshy and hairy breast and not very bony which signifies a competent strength of nature in the Patient If the contrary signs appear you must look for nothing but death The case is the same with those who feel a great oppression upon their breast speak hoarse and seem to have a stiff neck or at least is not very flexible and the joints and knuckles of their Fingers show big and their bones small Add hereunto the symptoms of the third degree which bring death along with them You are also to make distinction of the part affected for an Ulcer of the breast is of a less difficult cure than one in the windpipe and that in the vessels of the Lungs worse than it but an Ulcer in the substance of the Lungs is the most deplorable of any which the University of Physicians declare absolutely incurable though Hypocrates seems to assert some curable namely in whom the seven forementioned conditions are deprehended Which sentiment we find likewise confirmed by the experience of several reputed Authors Cardan in his Treatise de Cur. Admirand No. 2. 4. 5. 6. 7. 10. recites many Consumptives by his care and skill perfectly restored among which number were several of the second and third degree but I doubt he quacked a little sometimes however Erastus exceeds him in asserting cures much more incredible Saith he in his Disp. Paracels part 1. pag. 210. I 'll tell you some thing that 's hard to be believed God hath restored some Consumptives that made use of my help who it was clearly apparent scarce beheld the half of their Lungs And in another place he vaunts to have cured many Consumptives in the beginning and some that were absolutely desperate Ingrassias in Consil. pro fist pect Franc. Arcaeus de febr cap. 8. Valleriola lib. 2. Obseru. 3. lib. 3. Obs. 6. & lib. 5. Obs. 5. 6. Haelidaeus lib. 3. Cons. 7. Beniven de Abd. c. 44. Forest. lib. 16. Obs. 58. Crato Cons. 152. Poterius cent 3. cap. 19 20 21. and among the Ancients Avicen lib. 3. Sen. 10. Tract 5. cap. 5. Races 4. cont. Valesc de taranta lib. 3. cap. 2. Abynzoar lib. 1. Theysir tract 11. cap. 2. mesue cap. de Phthisi besides many others do bring in perfect cures of Consumptives of all degrees but questionless performed with great difficulty because of the continual motion and coughing of the Lungs thereby taring the Ulcer wider and their remote distance and at last the Ulcer is only covered with a limber callus that easily falls off upon any commotion of body cough or cold taken in the breast and so forceth patients into an incurable state An Hereditary Consumption likewise one that 's engendered by malign arsenical fumes under ground whereunto those that dig in Mines and Coal pits are much subjected are incapable of any sort of cure A spitting of blood that happens upon the bursting of a Lung-Vein unless it be stopped or conglutinated in three or four days at farthest either occasions a Phlegmone or inflammation of the Lungs which suppurating turns to an incurable Ulcer and a Proper Consumption or by evacuating an insupportable measure of blood kills the Patient by inducing a Syncope Swoon or suffocates him by coagulating in the Lung-pipes An Ulcer in the left lobes is more perilous than in the right because it 's nearer to the heart The same reason makes a suppuration contained on the right side of the Mediastinum more dangerous than on the left A Consumption ensuing upon a spitting of blood is of quicker termination than one that 's occasioned by an Ulcerous disposition of the Lungs and fomented by salin distillations from the brain which may be protracted to some years Avicen and Erotian write of a Woman that was Consumptive three and twenty years together jul. Alexandrinus and Mat. de Grad cap. 54. come in 9 lib. Rasis speak of another woman that lived Consumptive eight and twenty years Forestus knew another woman that strove eight years with a Consumption Neither is this case very rare in this City there being many I can attest of that have been lingering for many years though affected with a Chronical cough difficulty of respiration and an extreme lean habit of body The reason of this prorogation is imputed to a certain absorbing salin distillation which being imbibed by the Lungs is not so corrosive as to gnaw Ulcers into the Lungs but doth only absorb their nutriment and insensibly diminish their Parenchyma whereunto the whole body sympathising is also insensibly emaciated But that which is far rarer is that Ulcerous Consumptions of the Lungs should extend to so long space as Arculanus reports of two that spitted matter four years together We have reserved this insertion touching the Prognostics of this Disease by the Urinal for the Epilogue of the Chapter which usually is various throughout the whole course of the Disease in the first degree its thick and turbid with a pretty deal of settling at the second it appears thin and obscure without any sediment or very little and of a pale straw colour and a greenish circle a top though in some I have observed it bloody and obscure like water where raw flesh hath been washed in in others it 's thin and blackish At last it 's evacuated clear like water and in a small quantity yet this is not Universal CHAP. XXXIII The Therapeutic for Consumptions IT 's a double misery to be pursued by a lingering Disease whose nature and cause are disguised under a cloud of various symptoms which if otherwise appeared in a more visible dress would itself betray what remedies were most likely to remove it since therefore Consumptions assault us in that obscure manner I have engaged my study and industry to procure you in the preceding discourse a most ample Narrative of that malady comprising the total of all observations thereunto relating that so that intestine enemy being discovered might with more certainty be aggressed according to the implicit meaning of that trite saying a Disease once known is half cured So that the greater pains I have taken in the speculative will very much alleviate me in describing the Practic or Therapeutic whose office is distributed into three parts viz. the Conservative Preservative and Curative The Conservative part in this Treatise is chief concerned in preserving a healthful body in the same state against all external causes that may dispose or force it into a Consumption Such are the six non naturals viz. a Consumptive Air and emaciating Diet Motion and Rest the Excretions and Retentions Sleep and Restlesseness and the Passions of the mind If you find yourself obliged to live in a Consumptive Air as this of London make choice of the more open high dry and gravelly part of it where the houses are built East and West shunning those close low nasty dirty and stinking Allies and Lanes near the Thames side where the Air being damp and replenished with putrid and stinking vapours is penned up and obstructed from being ventilated by the winds or its one free motion 2. Once a day at least take a walk in the Fields to refresh yourself with the open Air which inspired fresh doth exceedingly recreate the Lungs Heart and the Vital spirits and through its tenuity opens the Lung-pipes and purges them from all those thick sooty steams Moreover opens all the pores of the body and gives vent to those excrementious evaporations 3. Retreat some times into the Country for a day three or four to feast your Lungs with that pure clear air and to purge them from the smoke of London Touching your diet observe these Rules 1. Never tie yourself to a constant diet as always to eat meats of easy digesture as Veal Pullet's Sweatbreads etc. refusing this because it 's obstructive as Beef Venison Bacon etc. or that because hard of digesture as Pork Geese Ducks hard Cheese Biscuit etc. or because its loosening as Cabbage spinach etc. or raw and windy as Salats Cherries Apples etc. for if every objection against this or that sort of meat will cause you to refrain than you must resolve to live without Victuals there being no meat in the world but what may be excepted against in saying this is windy and that is stopping etc. Neither would I have you to be too strict in the quantity of your meals as always to leave off with an appetite or to forbear eating Suppers upon the account that it may hinder your rest Neither is' t overwholsome to feed constantly upon flesh refusing fish and other victuals as pease beans etc. arguing as some simply do that flesh breeds flesh Likewise for drink be not so scrupulous as to refuse a glass of Wine upon pretence that its inflaming neither estrange yourself from small Beer as some Drunkards do fearing it will bring 'em into a Dropsy But on the contrary keep a lose diet feed sometimes upon fish pease salats spoon meat other times upon flesh eggs roast boiled or fried meats Sometimes eat liberally othertimes sparingly drink sometimes small beer sometimes strong or wine Sometimes eat Suppers othertimes fast However mistake me not I tell you once more that a lose and inconstant diet is the most wholesome to those that are healthful according to that adage Sanis omnia sana The arguments for this assertion are these 1. God Almighty having created that variety of creatures for man's food we are no● to doubt but they are wholesome because he hath created them for our sustentation not our destruction 2. We may observe in the new Testament that Christ sometimes fed upon fish othertimes upon flesh sometimes drank water sometimes wine sometimes he prayed and fed sparingly othertimes frequented feasts where he met with varieties And in the Old Testament the Patriarches fed promiscuously upon herbs most sorts of flesh and fish whom we cannot question but were most skilful in diets as their long protracted ages attested 4. If God had thought flesh meat only best for us he would never have provided all these other creatures as fish and herbs for man's food all things being created for him unless necessary to be eaten with other Victuals for flesh or fish single would otherwise have been sufficient besides God and Nature do nothing in vain 5. The eagerness of the appetite is a sign of the proneness and readiness of the Spirits in and about the Stomach to digest but the appetite being generally more eager after variety of meats it 's a sign the spirits are more prone and ready to digest them On the other hand one being tied to a single and constant dish his Stomach doth not much long for Dinner or Supper and as he eats without appetite so he digests it heavily which must necessarily contract crudities and ill humours 6. The spirits of the Stomach growing familiar with the Victuals daily ingested do not only digest them imperfectly but are slug in their excretive faculty in evacuating the excrementitious humours which is more apparent in this instance a man that doth feed upon one dish at a Meal shall nothing near evacuate or in plain English go to stool so quick or readily as one that dines upon two or more because there is generally a contrariety between several meats which doth not only augment the fermentation in the Stomach but excites and stirs the digesting spirits & afterwards prompts them to a ready evacuation Lastly one that diets upon variety hath this convenience that what 's deficient in one Meal is supplied by another or what is faulty in one is corrected by the other if one day you have engendered obstructions by eating too much pudding rice bread & c. eat the more Spoon meat next day and so you are right again or if you have drank too much small beer at dinner and thereby oppressed your Stomach with crudities drink wine at supper Or if you have exceeded in quantity at one time eat or drink less at another In summa accustom yourself to no kind of victuals or drink neither to time or quantity but follow these Rules 1. Eat flesh meat four or five times a week and fish twice or thrice whereby you 'll qualify the dryer and overstrong juice of flesh by tempering it with the moister and weaker of the fish 2. Never make a meal of flesh alone but have some other meat with it of less nutriture as in the Summer Pease Beans Artichokes Salats & c. in the Winter Buttered Wheat Milk Pottage Broths or Souppes 3. A small excess committed now and then is no wise hurtful through means whereof the supervacaneous humours are stirred and nature prompted to evacuate them by stool or vomit but if neither follows as in a clear body it may not balance your excess next day with fasting or a proportionable abstinence This rule was very strictly observed by the Ancients who thought it a great preventive to drink strong Wine once a month to that excess as should force nature to return it both ways whereby they found that the subtle heat of the Wine did colliquate their superfluous humours and ●●serate obstructions and its impetuous spirits evacuate the said humours with the Wine whereupon usually followed a copious sweat that procured a free transpiration which rule is to this day still kept in use among the Germans However I can in no wise approve of so dangerous a preservative that doth so oft impel Drunkards into Fevers bursting of a vein by vomiting and inflammations of the Entrails The next of the non naturals is Motion and Rest in which particular I would advise you to walk moderately ad Ruborem non sudorem until you be through hot but not force yourself into a sweat above all you must be careful you come not in the Summer from the Country out of that thin air into our thick mist in a great sweat and open pores into which our thick air intruding may stop the pores and occasion great Fevers which too many are precipitated into by their unadvised posting to Town in a sweat This I suppose may be the reason why those that return from Naples to Rome in the Summer do undoubtedly fall into a Fever In reference to their excretions they must be sure to exonerate at least once a day and if the dryness of their Guts be an obstacle in some hot and dry constitutions they may remedy that by drinking a good draught of fresh small beer or whey in a in a morning and feed upon laxative and moistening herbs as boiled Spinnage Lettuce Endive & c. What concerns their proportion of sleep every one knows what his nature requires But avoid sleeping after Dinner or immediately after Supper because it fills the head with fumes and vapours and occasions Catarrhs In relation to the passions of the mind take this ancient rule Been age & laetare i. e. Do well and be cheerful Avoid all occasions of anger fretting and peevishness which disturb the blood and enrage the corrosive humours Thus much for the Non Naturals we 'll include one rule more considering that it 's impossible but the healthfullest person living in such an air and following the City mode in his Kitchen must engender acrimonious humours and obstructions and be subject to a constipation of the pores it will prove very advantageous to open a Vein every Spring in case he be Plethoric and purge or if only Cacochymick to clarify his blood with a laxative and drink whey for a month or three weeks to qualify the heat and sharpness of his humours CHAP. XXXIV The Preservative for Consumptives THe Preservative part relates to the preventing of a Consumption in those that are inclined or have lately conceived the seminaries of a Consumption Who they are that are thus inclined or are just entering the threshold of a Consumption the foregoing discourse of Chap. 29. will acquaint you In the interim take notice that the same means we intent to prescribe for a cure are likewise excellent preservatives requiring only a moderation according to the age of the Disease time of year and other circumstances The Indications taken from the Non naturals which probably have made a great part of the first occasion of that Consumptive disposition point at a mature change and rational correction of them 1. The air appearing so malicious in this Morbifique conspiracy exacts a more particular regard Wherefore it 's of absolute necessity for Initiate Consumptives to change that air how bad or good soever it may be reputed wherein they have conceived or bred their consuming Seminaries if bad as thick foggy misty smoky moist putrid cloudy or salin and acrimonious they must make choice of a serene thin dry temperate sweet and pleasant air thus Galen lib. 5. Meth. Med. advised all tabefyed persons and such as were only disposed to a Phihisis to remove to Tabiae a hilly place situated between Surrentum and Naples whose temperature and dryness of air produced by the Sulphureous smokes of the Mount Vesuvius that 's hard by to it concurred to cure many a desperate Consumptive 2. Though the air be generally experienced good notwithstanding the Patient having contracted his evil there possibly by reason of some hidden contrariety that air harbours against his temperament is a sufficient indication for his changing the air and that for a considerable time it may be a year or two For a moist Consumption the middle of England as Worcestershire Gloucester or Oxfordshire seems to be enriched with an air propitious for their recovery however I imagine that some places of Languedock one of the South Provinces of France may for air excel that or Galen's Tabiae For dry Consumptions a moister air is more proper Neither is' t only the change of air that proves so sovereign to Consumptives but the change of Bread Beer Flesh Company and other circumstances do very much conduce thereunto 2. What advantage a lose diet imports to a healthful constitution the same detriment it contributes to a declining or crazy one wherefore since every small distemper assumes so easy a growth from the least disorder of diet how much the more may a Consumptive disposition the worst of distempers which certainly is an argument of the necessity of a strict diet now here prescribed to you in these rules 1. Abstain from all obstructive melancholic and dreggish Victuals as Beef Pork Geese Ducks Cheese Crusts of Breed Pyecrust Pudding Salt fish hard boiled or fried Eggs or any kind of fried Meat Likewise from hot Spices as Pepper Ginger Cloves etc. and pickled meats as Anchiovy Pickled Oysters or Herrings Pickled Cucumbers etc. 2. Feed only upon meats of easy digesture and inclining somewhat to a moist temperature as Veal Chickens Poulets Mutton Lamb Sweetbreads Potched Eggs etc. and among the sorts of Fish Sols Whiting Perch etc. among Herbs Lettuce Endive Succory Sorrel Porcelain Chervil etc. but note that they must be boiled 3. Neither are you to allow yourself flesh meat too liberally because according to 2. Aphor. 11. impure bodies the more you feed them the more you hurt them and 1. Aphor. 17. When nourishment is taken beyond nature it breeds a Disease because nature being oppressed and distempered cannot concoct the meats it assumes into that temperate juice it doth when it 's in better temper but rather converts them all into ill humours which must necessarily give an addition to those Consumptive salin corpuscles and beyond all others flesh meat as I have intimated before 4. Diet most upon Spoon meats as Veal or Cock Broths prepared with French Barley Succory Maiden hair Agrimony Grass roots Sweet Fennil and parsley roots Raisins and Dates Buttermilk affords a most Medicinal and Sovereign food in this disease I remember I once knew a young Fellow at the Hague who was fallen into an Ulcerous Consumption upon spitting of blood and notwithstanding the danger of his Disease required the most potent Remedies refused all help and wholly devoted himself to Buttermilk by which sole diet he recovered beyond the expectation of all that saw him whence you may deduce of what consequence a strict diet is 5. Refrain from flesh meat at supper in lieu whereof you may now and then entertain yourself with a Pippin roasted with Saffron and sweetened with Sugar of Roses and carui Confects 6. Drink no kind of strong Ale or Beer or any liquor that contains Hops or Broom for its ingredients but make use of small Ale brewed out of an indifferent proportion of Malt and a sufficient quantity of brown Suggar in new river water which excels that of the Thames This makes the pleasantest and most delicate small liquor proving very agreeable to the  and Stomach and preventing Diseases Most wines seem noxious yet Rhenish Wines I mean those small Wines Bachrach and Deal doth accidentally impinguate by helping the digesture removing obstructions and rendering the blood fluid and digestible This is verified by the corpulent and fat habits of body of the Inhabitants of the Rhine whom I observed all a long in descending that river from Bazil in Switzerland as far as Collen to be universally very fleshy fat and healthful and myself though entering into Germany in a lean case was so much improved before I left the Rhine that in respect of corpulency and fatness I differed little from any of them which I could impute to nothing but their wine For motion observe these rules 1. Walk daily in a pleasant airy and umbragious Garden Park or Field 2. Gentle travel in a Coach or on Horseback through a healthful and divertising country doth oft conquer an initial Consumption What concerns the Excretions and Retentions and Passions of the mind regulate yourself according to former instructions These prescripts being thus observed we are to reflect upon indications drawn from internal causes of growing extenuations viz. the substraction of salin corrosive humours engendered by the Spleen and sublimed upwards by reason of its obstructions In this case the opening of the left Median in Plethoricks afterwards the application of Leeches to the Haemorrhoids and hereupon a prescription of a laxative and deoppilative whey will answer all indications and for particular derivatives issues and senitive Glisters contribute great relief CHAP. XXXV The curative part for spitting of blood out of the Lungs HEre you are to distinguish whether the Lung-vein be burst or corroded or sweats out blood or gapes The first of these indicateth a sudden evacuation of blood by Phlebotomy for depletion and revulsion and afterwards requires conglutination The second indicateth likewise a subtraction of blood in the beginning for to revel and draw from the Lungs and demulce the acrimony of the blood and thereupon make use of conglutinating Medicines The two latter indicate Phlebotomy for revulsion restringents to stench and incrassatives to thicken the blood Wherefore at the first budding of this Symptom especially if a vein be bursted and the spitting of blood copious immediately evacuate as large a quantity of blood out of the arm as the Patient can bear without Swooning for the greater and more sudden the evacuation is the sooner the blood spitting stops in which case expedition is very necessary for otherwise the continual coughing would attract a greater stream of blood and create a more difficult cure So that Practic Authors advise ill for subtracting blood in smaller proportions out of several veins at several times which method if the Patient cannot suffer the other may notwithstanding be used and seconded by Cupping-glasses applied from below the shoulders downwards likewise glisters rubbing and tying of the extremities Purgatives during the violence of the symptom are to be refrained but afterwards for to prevent its return may be prescribed and those only senitives mixed with restringent purgatives as Myrobalans Rhubarb etc. The other indications are to be answered out of these several classes Classis 1. Of ordinary conglutinatives and emplastics Cinquefoil Tormentil Millfoile Cumpry Willow weed etc. Syrup of Cumphry of Fernelius The emplastics are Bowl armene Terra sigillata Sanguis Draconis spodium gum Arabic Dragant Amylum or the finest kind of flower where they make starch of Mastic frankincense etc. Pyrola Shepherd's purse Sanicle Golden Rod. Cl. 2. Of Restringents Sumach Plantain Houseleek Knotgrass Mouse ear Porcelain young Oak Leaves vervain Horsetail Lady's Bedstraw Bramble bush Leaves Speedwell Acorn Caps Pomgranat-shells Red Roses Wild Pomgranatflowers White Poppy seeds Henbane Seeds Myrtle Berries Sumach Seeds Coral Blood Stone Crabs shells burned Rhubarb toasted brown Acacia Hypocistis Crocus Martis burned milk Syrups of Dry Roses Quinces Myrtles Porcelain Poppies old conserve of Roses etc. Out of these Physicians may form Electuaries Trochisces Sublingual Pills Apozems and distilled waters according to their best thinking To these we 'll subnect such as are more specifically recommended by famous Authors Trallianus lib. 7. cap. 1. doth beyond all others and that justly extol these following specifiques 1. The juices of Leeks and Nettles with a small quantity of Vinegar do most egregiously stop the blood of a bursted Vein 2. He tells us that the juice of Porcelain being drunk is a most excellent and powerful remedy 3. The decoction of Cumfry root is very much commended by him 4. The juice of Knotgrass doth singularly conduce to any kind of spitting of blood The same virtue he attributes to the juice of young Mastic leaves and particularly expresses an esteem for Sumach And beyond these formentioned Specifics he attributes an incomparable quality of cohibiting the most desperate kind of bloody sputation to a Bloodstone grinded upon a Porphyr to an impalpable powder and exhibited in a dose of Knotgrass juice Galen 7. de Comp. Med. prefers white Henbane Seeds but Amatus Lus. Cent 6. car 4. speaks wonders of the juice of the greater sort of Nettles Hollerius lib. 1. cap. 27. Sets a great esteem upon Knotgrass Duretus writes a great praise of the Distilled water of those tails that hang upon Willow Trees He puts likewise a great confidence in Trochisci è carabe Valetius upon Hol. exerc 27. recites a cure of one that spitted blood who had tried all the famous Physicians he could hear of and at last was cured by Scaliger who prescribed him this powder R. Spod ros rub bol arm ter sigil haemat anʒ v. coral rub carab margarit none perfor anʒ ij ss gum Arab. tragac ā ʒ ij Sem. papav portul sem ros rub sem Arnoglos corn cerv ust anʒ iij. Acac. suc. Barb. hirc suc. glycyr anʒ ij amyl torrefact ℥ j M. f. Pulu. Does ʒ iij. in aq pluvial The same prescription he found afterwards extant in Serap cap. 25. ●r 2. except that here is an addition of coral ●ar and Marg. Syr. è symphyt fernel and Syr. coral Quercet are likewise in great request Platerus writes he cured a Woman with Trochis Alkekengi cum opio taken in Goat's milk Quercetan's Aq. add Haemoptysin is much commended Chemists exhibit 9 or 10 drops of Oil of Vitriol in the juice of Knotgrass they likewise make use of Tincture and Salt of coral crocus Mart is ol mart tinct Smaragd ol succin etc. But beyond all these I prefer Cerus Antimon prepared with Spirits of Vitriol especially where there is suspicion of coagulated extravasate blood which may be conjectured by the Fever faints difficulty of respiration and excretion of crumbs of blood in which case the Physician must look to his business or else loses his Patient Galen prescribed oxycrate to dissolve the said coagulated blood Others commend Pulu. carb tiliae coagul hoedi cervi leporis sanguis hoedi non concretus rad rub tinct camphora sperm caeti mumi● ocul cancror cicer rub pulv & Aq. cherefol Diaph in peracut Spir dulc Merc. essent Bellid etc. But Mouse-dung taken from one Scruple to half a dram in chervil water excels them all To return to the remainder of this Chapter Those praecited Medicines proving defective in staunching that internal bleeding take your refuge to narcoticks among which that of Haelidaeus is most famous whereby he cured many in desperate cases viz. R. Sem. Hyoseyam papav alb anʒx terr Sigil coral rubr anʒv Sacchar ros vet q. s. m. f. Elect. Does ʒj adʒj ss Mane & sero This composition Crato 5. Epist. f. 377. asserts to be excerpted out of Rhases his Cont. Laudanum opiatum pill cynoglos ' Diacod Pil. è styrace Philon. rome may also be brought into use here In cases of that importance I would advise Physicians not to lose their time and opportunity in giving slight remedies but ascend to those more effectual Medicines The breast may be anointed with cool and mild restrictives as Oil of Roses Violets Myrtles etc. Camphor dissolved in Oxycrate wherein clouts or rags being steeped and applied about the Testicles and sometimes about the waste are very helpful Issues in the Legs are most effective in revelling the corrosive humours Galen supposing that sometimes a distillation of sharp humours might corrode an Ulcer into the Lungs advised a Consumptive Woman to shave off her hair and apply an Emplaster of Piggeons' dung or Thapsia to extract absorb and divert those humours in the Brain others make an issue on the head at the sutura coronalis for the same purpose which kind of practice must necessarily rather add to the Disease in attracting a greater quantity of humours out of the whole to the head afterwards falling down upon the removal of the Emplaster in fuller streams to the Lungs than before besides such a kind of rough Medicine being very dissonant to the dignity and temperature of a noble part might infer irreparable damages But since we have made it visible that the brain is only a part transmittent and that humours oft are precipitated to the Lungs before they arrive to that height of the brain there can no kind of benefit be expected from so irrational an application On the other hand those subliming humours ought rather to be intercepted before they are mounted to the head by sublingual Pills Trochisces adstringent and incrassating Syrups Looches Electuaries etc. To the same intent Celsus lib. 3. c. 23. approves of exulcerations made under the Chin on the Shoulders Breast or Neck Hildanus writes he cured several initial Consumptions chief by drawing a Seton through the Neck When all is done they do nothing until they bent their design and force to the Part Mandant and eradicate the root of the Disease which done there remains nothing more The Patient is obliged to abstain from flesh and diet upon Panada Rice Milk Boiled Porcelain Lettuce Potched Eggs etc. some commend Pork upon the answer of the Oracle that advised Dumninus the Philosopher to Hog's flesh whereof as oft as he eated his spitting of blood stopped and leaving it off returned possibly because the juice of this sort of flesh is glutinous for the same reason others approve of Eels Muscles Cockles Crabs Lobsters etc. Damocrates the Physician cured a Roman Woman only with Goat's milk fed with Mastick-leaves Trallianus relates he cured several with Milk only His drink ought to be a decoction of steel dust burned Harts horn red Sanders or Knotgrass and sweetened with Sugar of Roses dissolving in it besides a convenient quantity of Sal Prunellae or an Emulsion made of the four greater cold seeds white Poppy seeds and spirits of Vitriol He must forbear much talk walking and all violent motions and passions I 'll only add an observation of a very speedy cure one Mr. S. D. a Merchant who through a violent vomit broke a Lung-vein I caused immediately a large quantity of blood to be drawn out of his right Arm & thereupon gave him this following R. Dulced Mart. Spec. Haemop ā gr. 4. Opij Spag praep gr. ss Aq. urtic. Maj. ℥ ij m. f. pot capiat mane & sero This he took thrice and was perfectly cured The like effect it performed in one W. S. a Tailor CHAP. XXXVI The Cure of a Pulmonique Consumption THe Indications in the first degree point at suitable preparatives to prepare those corrosive salin humours and remove the forementioned obstructions of the Spleen Stomach and Liver which is to be performed by Agrimony fumitory Succory Scabious borage Buglos Endive Maidenhair Harts-tongue Spleenwort Cuscuta Burnet Grass roots ditch Dock roots the five opening Roots the four greater cold Seeds Syr. e 5 rad bizant de cichor cum Rh. Some of these or all you may make use of in Whey whereby having prepared those adust humours it 's necessary they should be purged by gentle purgatives and laxatives as Polypod sem cartham Manna cassia tamar Syr. ros sol de Cichor cum Rh. ros sol cum Agar de pom mag de Epithym Senna Rhab. agar crem tart Tart. vitriol etc. out of these you may compose Apozems to prepare the humours and at the same time purge them but by degrees per Epicrasin after this if there was a small quantity of blood evacuated at the Haemorrhoids by Leeches would be very advantageous The cough in the mean while must be remedied with Syrups and Looches sublingual Pills and Trochisces to expectorate the humours out of the Lung-pipes If the matter be tough thick and cleaving it must be cut attenuated and deterged if thin it must be thickened by incrassatives as Syr. Nymph jujub. looch è Papau. portul etc. This kind of short cough in the first degree is that which Physicians call a Tussis Vulpina a Foxcough Touching the curative of the second degree where we meet either with an Ulcer in Lungs or an Ulcerous disposition the former namely the Ulcer must be cleansed or deterged and afterwards cicatrized or consolidated The first is performed by hot and dry Medicines the latter by cold and dry Moreover there must be a particular respect had to the urgent symptoms of this degree viz. the Hectic Fever and Consumption of the parts Having first subtracted a part of the vicious humours by a laxative as Manna cassia Syr. ros sol etc. it 's generally agreed upon by the most famous ancient and modern Physicians that milk is the only Medicine and food that will answer all indications for by its wheyish part it cleanses and deterges by its cheesy it conglutinates by its buttery part it restores and nourishes the consumed parts And by its unctuosity promotes expectoration But since there are several sorts of milk you are to make distinction of them Woman's milk is most nourishing but less detergent Asses milk is more cleansing and less restorative but Goat's milk is between both that is it 's more nourishing and less cleansing than Asaph's milk and more cleansing and less nourishing than Woman's milk But because the cleansing faculty is most requisite Ass' milk is universally preferred and to render it the more effectual it 's advisable to seed the Ass with restringent and detergent herbs as Yarrow Plantain Vine leaves Knotgrass Bramble-bush leaves etc. Platerus records several cured by Woman's milk sucked warm out of the Breast and among the rest there was one that throve so well with his Wife's milk that he purposely got her with child again to prevent his want of milk for the future Chamels' milk is a degree beyond Asses for cleansing In stead of Woman's milk Sheep's or Cow's milk may be used Likewise Mairs milk alone or Cow's milk being diluted with Whey may be substituted in stead of Asses or Chamels Touching the use of milk you must observe the quantity time and correction of it for the quantity you must accustom yourself to it by degrees beginning from a quarter of a pint and ascending to a pint or a little more according to the party's appetite and strength of digesture The time must be in the Mornings and Afternoons taking your dose always five or six hours before and after meat warm from the Cow or Ass and besure to refrain sleeping upon it for otherwise it would fume up to the head Lastly because milk is so apt to sour in a weak Stomach you must sweeten it with Sugar of Roses or clarified Honey Some boil it with yolks of Eggs to make it more nutritive others quench steel in it to render it the more conglutinating But after all these Encomia know that a milk diet in many cases proves hurtful particularly 1. When the body is affected with a putrid slow erratic discernible or sometimes latent Fever as generally it is 2. Consumptives are very subject to evaporations and fumes flying to the Brain obstructions of the Bowels and disposition to engender hot Choleric and Salin humours all which evils milk is very apt to increase nothing being more vaporous than it nothing more Feverish nothing more obstructive by reason of its cheesy parts and nothing more convertible into hot choleric humours than it 's buttery parts as appears in Children whom it doth so extremely fill with green and yellow gall and fleam and disposes them to Catarrhs Consumptions Fevers Loosenesses etc. 3. Most Physicians forbidden milk to those that are troubled with weak Stomaches sour Belching Grumble in their Guts Borborygmi Loosenesses all which Consumptives are seldom free from 4. Many passages of Hip. do also disuade 2. Aphor. 11. and 17. and lib. de vet Med. Meat eaten in too great a quantity tabefies the body and lib. de loc in hom. If the body doth not digest the meat it eats it 's rendered lean besides several other places which would prove too tedious to recite Wherefore you must be very careful you do not exceed in your milk diet but the surest way is not to meddle with it without a Physicians advice Moreover take away the root and cause of the Consumption and the body will soon thrive upon it For these reasons I do attribute much more to a Whey diet which I have advised to many with the greatest success imaginable enjoining them to drink nothing but white Whey sweetened with Sugar or old Conserve of Roses to Dine and Sup upon Buttermilk boiled with French Barley beaten in a Mortar or Oatmeal and afterwards sweetened with Sugar of Roses and coloured yellow with English Saffron But lest they should be clyed with that they may gratify their Palates with variety of Broths and especially with Broth made of an old Cock with the addition of aperitive and pulmonique herbs which together with the use of some laxatives only is in great vogue among the Italian Physicians for the cure of Consumptions Some advise their Patients to diet upon Crabs Lobsters Oysters Cockles Muscles Frogs etc. but against reason those meats being of too hard a digesture for weak Stomaches nevertheless the juices expressed out of them or liquors distilled from them are experienced very proficuous Others prescribe milk boiled with flower thick ptisan confections out of Capons Partridge and Tortises flesh Crabs Lobsters Sweet Almonds Pistaches White poppy seeds the four greater cold Seeds etc. For their ordinary drink they approve of Barley Water Small Meetheglin the decoction of Hartshorn or the Small Ale described in Chap. 34. But beware of stolen Beer The Air ought to be dry and temperate witness the story of that old Woman that was preserved many years by the dry Air of the Baker's Oven where she was used to work Aretaeus commends a Sea Air and therefore the Ancient Physicians were wont to send their Patients to Alexandria for to have the benefit of the Salt Air during the Voyage which being of a drying nature they conceived might conduce to the drying up of the Ulcer in the Lungs But in my opinion the Sea Air being nauseous moving one to Vomit and stirring the humours of the body should rather prove offensive Pliny doth highly esteem the Air of Forests where pitch is collected The detersives for the Ulcer are composed out of Vulneraries agglutinatives and pectorals viz. Burnet Centaury Betony Agrimony Vervain Mouse-ear Avens Lady's Mantle Arsmart Periwinkle Bugle Lily of the Valley Solomon's Seal Serpentine Snakeweed Aristol rot Cicer. rubr Isop Water Germander Colts-foot Card. Benedict Lung-wort Maiden hair Scabious  Ground Ivy Cudweed Ros solis Origan Horehound Oak of jerusalem Calamint St. johns-wort Elicampaine Squils Orris Myrrh Terebinthin Fox Lungs Spec. diaireos Diacalaminthe Looch San. & expert è pulm vulp Syr. nicot ● bed cat etc. The agglutinatives we have set down in the Chapter preceding and are to be made use of when the Ulcer is sufficiently cleansed The experience of famous Practitioners recommends to us several Specifiques 1. Ros solis is extolled above most other Pulmonicks by several 2. Speedwell is likewise very frequently used against Ulcers in the Lungs an Herb certainly without comparison 3. Camerarius speaks much in the praise of Oak of jerusalem which also makes the basis of Syr. Botryos described in the Lond. disp 4. The generality of Physicians attest Spotted Lungwort to be a most egregious Pulmonique both for deterging and conglutinating an Ulcer in the Lungs 5. An ingenious Physician at Milan told me this following for a great secret in an Ulcerous Consumption of the Lungs Masterwortroot boiled in Metheglin and afterward mixed with a third part of aq Sperm ranar. 6. Langius and others make use of Ground Ivy for the last and extreme remedy You may take it either destilled in the Juice or Syrup dissolving only in them some Conserve or Suggar of Roses 7. Saffron is commonly-stiled the soul of the Lungs which when they are ready to be stifled and choked with thick tough fleam and purulent matter have been miraculously recovered by a dose of Saffron in wine wherefore no prescription for Pulmoniques ought to pass without some grains of Saffron in it 8. Millepedae or Palmers have for many Ages been reputed the greatest detersives and cleansers of the Lungs a quantity of them being tied in a fine Linen rag and steeped in Metheglin or Whey and so used or being burned to ashes in an oven and mixed with old Conserve of Roses 9 Avicen lib. 3. Fen. 10. Tract 5. cap. 5. mesues cap. de Phthisi Valleriola lib. 5. Obs. 5. Forest. libr. 16. Obs. 58. Montan. in Cons. 152. do all bring in unquestionable Testimonies of several by them particularly mentioned desperate Consumptives perfectly cured of deep and sordid Ulcers in the Lungs by the sole means of Suggar of Roses but of at least a year old & devoured in great quantities several times in a day and so continued for some weeks 10. Fonseca consult 58. tom 1. sets a great value upon the Decoction of yellow  11. Arcaeus lib. the Febr. Erastus lib. 3. Cons. 8. Fracast lib. 3. the morb contag cap 8. Ingrassias in consult pro fist pect Stabelius in Disput and several others recite a great number of Phthisical cures and those desperate ones performed by a Decoction of Guaiacum wood 12. Trallianus lib 7. c. 1. speaks wonders of the use of Bloodstone Cardan writeth no less of the Decoction of Crabs Legs and Tails Fern. of the Syrup of Cumphry others of the Syrup of St. johnswort flowers and Syrup of Tobacco 12. For Compositions this following powder of Haly Abbas is by Valescus Forestus Rondeletius and all others received for a singular Medicine whereby the three former cured some Consumptives beyond their own expectation R. Sem. pap alb ʒ x. gum arab amyl anʒiij sem portul malu. al●h anʒ v. sem cucurb cucum citrul cydon anʒ seven Spod glycyr gum tragac anʒ iij. m. f. Pulu. 13. This of Trallianus I esteem equal with the best composition that ever was prescribed by any R. Suc. s●mpervivi passi cretici mell attic ā cyath 2. sem urtic. cucum sativ cups ā ℥ j ●oq ad Consump med part Colat. add pic liq cyath & coq ad consist mellis huic admisce nard syriac ʒ j thurisʒ iij. Croci pip alb anʒ ij m. f. Elect. Here I have registered to you the most efficacious Medicines of this and the former ages which unless applied by a dexterous hand may sooner kill than cure Moreover note these detersives may be mixed with the restringents consolidatives & incrassatives of the preceding Chapter according as the Patient's condition shall require For external means drying suffumiges or smokes are oft prescribed with good success They are usually composed out of Frankincense Myrrh Pitch Olibanum Benzoin Styrax Gum. hederae Amber Rose leaves Coltsfoot dried Sanders lign Aloes etc. but the fume of Sandaracha is particularly commended Emollient & temperate Oils & Liniments seem to facilitate respiration which the Physician must always have an eye to and therefore it 's necessary he should ever mix some lenient pectorals with his other Medicines Issues in the lower parts do also divert Hermetical Physicians go another way to work they begin with a galliard vomit and so proceed to detersives and agglutinatives viz. Flowers of Brimstone Balsam and milk of Sulphur Elixir proprietat is crystal mart Extract Aristol rot spir salis dulc Ol. vitriol ol mercur dulce spir sulphuris per camp ol succin magist ocul cancror magist perlar tinct sal & magist coral rub sacchar saturn Mynsighti antimon diaphor To Dogmatists this Chemical practice seems suspicious in regard that vomits do violently conquassate the Lungs and tore the Ulcer wider Moreover Hip. 4. Aph. 8. doth very much condemn vomits in such as are only disposed to a Phthisis much more in those that are already tabefyed Hereunto may be replied that vomits though they infer some small detriment to the Lungs yet they import a far greater benefit by working immediately upon the parts mandant and Hip. himself lib. 2. de Morb. did frequently exhibit Hellebor to Consumptives which is experienced to be a very churlish Medicine On the other hand Chemist's quarrel with Dogmatists for letting blood in Consumptions where nature is already so much defrauded of its Genius and consequently rather hungers for a greater supply of nutriture this objection they easily answer in asserting that in many Consumptives there is a Plethora ad vires though in no wise ad vasa a great acrimony in their blood and an impetuous afflux of humours to their Lungs which do very urgently indicate Phlebotomy whereby Hipp. 5. Epid. 6. recovered a Consumptive whose disease contemned all other remedies and Galen 6. Epid. cured a Woman of a Phthisis by the same means Several other Authors likewise observe many rescued from imminent Consumptions by detracting small proportions of blood No doubt but Phlebotomy and Vomits have their use in this malady but the Temperament Age Sex and Idiosyncrasia of the Patient degree of the Disease and other urgent or contraindicating symptoms must be tightly observed It 's time I should take leave of my Reader which the urgency of my affairs doth now prompt me to However for his last farewell we 'll entertain him with some few observations of mixed cures namely partly spagyrical and partly dogmatical Obs. 1. One G. T. a Merchant's Apprentice upon a continuated debauch was surprised with a tedious Cough oft expectorating small quantities of blood whereupon he soon dropped into a proper Consumption but was in a short time recovered by these means I advised him to the Country where by my appointment a proportion of blood was extracted twice out of the Haemorrhoids by Leeches Before and afterwards was several times purged with this bol● R. extract rec cass ℥ ss pulp tamarind man calabr anʒij crystal tart ℈ j Rhab e● pulv agar rec troch ā ℈ ss spic nard gr 4. cum sacchar M. F. Bol. for sixteen days he took this Elect. mornings and evenings drinking upon it a draught of Decoct of red  sweetened with Sugar of Roses and acuated with a drop or two of Spir. Sulphur per camp R. Magist. stypt Specif Hect. croc angl ā gr. 4. Conserv ros vet ʒ j M. F. Bol. His ordinary drink was white Whey his diet broths altered with herbs and oftimes Buttermilk Obs. 2. A young woman aged 24 spitting blood and matter upon the stoppage of her courses was let blood out of the foot and oft purged with Diaprunum lenit ℥ ss Merc. dulc gr 15. crem tart ℈ j She drank a decoct of Sarsa with Veron agrimon heder ter Dates Corrents and Liquorish for 21 days at the expiration of which term she was cured of her Cough and there appeared a show of her flowers I advised her also to Looch Papap and è Pulm. vulp ana and to make an Issue in her left Leg. Obs. 3. A Child aged 3. deformed with the Rickets & consumed to skin and bones was cured in a month by the Tincture of tartar taking two drops twice or thrice a day in Whey Obs. 4. I have seen many thousands of Diseased in the Hospitals of France Germany Italy Holland Flanders and other parts but never observed so many great Diseases complicated in one body as not long since in one of my Patients the party had been seized of a latent venereal malady two or three years together and newly again surprised with a Green virulent Conorrhe a constant excretion of purulent matter an immitigable Cough a confirmed Dropsy a most forbidden Ulcer in the Kidneys evacuatting constantly a great quantity of blood and Pus matter with his Urinal a perfect Consumption great obstructions of his Bowels and many other most urgent Symptoms Whence I could observe the strange force of nature though in a body naturally weak to support such a number of great Diseases and that which to me appeared more strange was an intermission of at least two pulsations in nine or ten continuing that type for several hours I am confident if not days Obs. 5. A Smith that had expectorated putrid thick ugly matter for at least two months I cured out of charity I gave him two doses of Antimon resuscit the preparation whereof I have divulged to you in Venus Unmasked and advised him to drink twice a day a small draught of Spring water being rendered bitter with soot burned out of wood and sweetened again with brown Sugar which in a month perfectly cured him I thought to have presented you with several other remarks but that the Bulk of this Treatise being already swelled beyond my purpose obliges me to come to an END The Table of Contents CHAP. I. OF the Original Contagion and frequency of Consumptions p. 2. CHAP. II. Of the various acceptions of Consumptions p. 6. CHAP. III. Of the Fundamental Principles or Balsamic mixture p. 14. CHAP. IU. Of the nature of a Consumption in general p. 21. CHAP. V. Of the nature of a Proper and True Consumption p. 24. CHAP. VI Of the nature and kinds of Bastard Consumptions p. 30. CHAP. VII Of an Hypochondriack Consumption p. 32. CHAP. VIII Of a Scorbutic Consumption p. 37. CHAP. IX Of an Amorous Consumption p. 39 Of a Consumption of Grief p. 56. CHAP. X. Of a Studious Consumption p. 61. CHAP. XI Of an Apostematick Consumption p. 63. Of a Scirrous Consumption p. 67. CHAP. XII Of a Cancerous Consumption p. 68 CHAP. XIII Of an Ulcerous Consumption p. 69. CHAP. XIV Of a Dolorous Consumption p. 71. CHAP. XV. Of an Aguish Consumption p. 72. CHAP. XVI Of a Febril Consumption p. 74. CHAP. XVII Of a Uerminous Consumption p. 75. CHAP. XVIII Of a Pocky Consumption p. 80. CHAP. XIX Of a Bewitched Consumption p. 81. CHAP. XX. Of a Consumption of the Back p. 91. CHAP. XXI Of a Consumption of the Kidneys p. 103. CHAP. XXII Of a Consumption of the Lungs p. 106. CHAP. XXIII Of the kinds of Pulmonique Consumptions p. 109. CHAP. XXIV Of an Ulcerous Pulmonique Consumption p. 111. CHAP. XXV Containing a disquisition upon the causes praecited p. 115. CHAP. XXVI Of a more apparent cause of a Pulmonique Consumption p. 121. CHAP. XXVII Of some less frequent and rarer causes of a Pulmonique and other sorts of Consumptions p. 147. CHAP. XXVIII Of the Procatarctick or external causes of Pulmonique Consumptions p. 155. CHAP. XXIX Of the Signs of a beginning or growing Consumption p. 170. CHAP. XXX Of Signs Diagnostic and Pragnostick of the several kinds of spitting of Blood p. 173. CHAP. XXXI Of the Diagnostic signs of a confirmed Consumption of the Lungs p. 184. CHAP. XXXII Of the Prognostics of a Pulmonique Consumption p. 195. CHAP. XXXIII The Therapentick for Consumptions p. 206. CHAP. XXXIV The Preservative for Consumptives p. 216. CHAP. XXXV The curative part for spitting of blood out of the Lungs p. 223. CHAP. XXXVI The Cure of a Pulmonique Consumption p. 233. FINIS